During the course of an antimicrobial resistance surveillance programme in Guangzhou, the People's Republic of China, single strains of Citrobacter youngae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified which were resistant to imipenem and found to carry the carbapenemase gene bla IMP . PCR screening of the citrobacter strain with specific primers for the bla IMP type genes gave a 587-bp product which when sequenced gave 100% homology with the bla IMPÀ4 sequence reported recently from Acinetobacter spp. The determinant in the C. youngae strain was found to be located on a 156-kb plasmid capable of transfer to Escherichia coli UB1637 by conjugation. Sequencing of the bla IMPÀ4 open reading frame in the C. youngae strain and adjacent sequences not only confirmed the presence of bla IMPÀ4 but also identified that a conserved core site found within the 59-bp element of integrons was present and the same as the one described in the only other occurrence of bla IMPÀ4 in Acinetobacter spp. isolated from an intensive care unit in Hong Kong. This is the second report of transferable carbapenemase genes in Enterobacteriacae outside of Japan and the first in the People's Republic of China. Under the selective pressure of carbapenems and extended spectrum cephalosporins use we might expect this gene to spread and widespread surveillance should be instituted. ß FEMS Microbiology Letters 194 (2001) 53^57 www.fems-microbiology.org Fig. 1. Comparison of the deduced nucleotide sequences of the di¡erent bla IMP genes, identical residues to bla IMPÀ1 are indicated by a dash. P.M. Hawkey et al. / FEMS Microbiology Letters 194 (2001) 53^57
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