Alternative and renewable energy sources already play a very decisive role in the development of human society, helping to fulfill increasing energy demands from both industrialized and underdeveloped countries, as well as economic needs, which must comply with a decarbonized economy, decreasing the energy impact on the global environment. Among these alternative energy sources, fuels such as biodiesel, methanol, and methane are good examples of how the previous design can be achieved, as these fuels can be obtained from renewable sources, used in applications such as transportation systems, electricity generation, fuel conversion, and even for electricity storage, with reduced impact on air emissions. Although a great deal of research has been done, and there have been important advances, there is still a need to increase research, particularly in further development of new approaches, their optimization and practical compatibilization with existing systems, so that these new technologies can be efficiently adopted by energy stakeholders, while also being cost-competitive and truly effective.
RESUMO -Diferente da rota química, a utilização da rota enzimática na produção de biodiesel garante vantagens como a fácil recuperação do biocatalisador, a elevada seletividade e a menor formação de produtos secundários. Partindo-se disso, este trabalho tem como objetivo a síntese de ésteres etílicos (biodiesel) por meio da esterificação do óleo de frango, utilizando-se de lipases combinadas. Para tal resultado, empregaram-se, na combinação enzimática, ensaios que verificassem a atividade da enzima, chagando-se na combinação das lipases comerciais Lipozyme ® RM-IM (75%) e Novozyme ® 435 (25%), para uma razão molar 1:1 (etanol: óleo de frango), em agitação de 150 rpm e para as condições experimentais fatoriais completas 2³ geradas pelo software STATISTICA ® , sendo a melhor conversão do substrato em ésteres etílicos (58,85±0,38%) nas condições 40°C, usando 6% de biocatalisador e 10% de água. Ao final, a produção do biodiesel foi confirmada por meio da análise qualitativa da Cromatografia em Camada Delgada -(CDD), o que também indicou a formação de ácidos graxos não reagidos.
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