SPECT/CT provides incremental diagnostic value over SRS, mainly because of a precise anatomical localization that helps discriminate between tumour lesions and physiological uptake. SPECT/CT may detect unsuspected lesions in a small proportion of patients.
Pathological glands can be detected by the γ probe (in-vivo index>1.15) with a PPV of 97%. Although an in-vivo index greater than 1.51 is suggestive of a solitary adenoma (PPV=95%), there are a significant number of cases (27%) with lower indexes, these would erroneously lead to an extended surgery in search of a multiglandulary disease. For this reason, the combined determination of the intraoperative intact parathyroid hormone is recommended to identify multiglandulary disease.
Patients with concomitant thyroid pathology should not be a priori excluded from a MIRP, as long as other adjuvant techniques (scintigraphy or ioPTHi) are used in conjunction with the gamma probe. In these patients, the probe can also be helpful in unilateral or bilateral surgery.
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