ResumenEl presente trabajo tiene como objetivo investigar la eficiencia de dos coagulantes, el sulfato de aluminio y semillas de Moringa oleifera, para remoción de turbiedad en muestras del agua provenientes de la Laguna de Jiqui, estado del Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-Brasil. Las dosificaciones y pH de los coagulantes fueron variados entre límites establecidos. Se realizaron pruebas, en tubos de ensayo Jar-Test y medidas de movilidad electroforética para determinar el potencial Zeta y para determinar los posibles mecanismos involucrados en el proceso de coagulación. Los mecanismos de coagulación con semillas de Moringa oleifera son adsorción y neutralización de cargas y adsorción y formación de puentes. Los resultados sugieren que para aguas de baja turbiedad, las semillas de Moringa oleifera pueden ser un sustituto potencialmente viable al sulfato de aluminio para la clarificación de dichas aguas.
Palabras clave: depuración del agua, coagulación, potencial Zeta, coagulantes naturales, Moringa oleifera
Comparative Study of Aluminum Sulfate and Moringa oleifera seeds as Coagulants in the Clarification of Water with Low Turbidity AbstractThe objective of the present work is to investigate the efficiency of a coagulant prepared from Moringa oleifera seeds, for clarifying water samples with low turbidity from the Jiqui Lake, in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal-Brazil. The dosages and pH of the coagulants were changed within defined limits. Jar-test essays and measurements of electrophoretic mobility were done to determine the Zeta potential and the possible mechanisms involved in the coagulation process. The mechanisms of coagulation with Moringa oleifera are absorption and neutralization of charges and absorption and bridging. The results suggest that for low turbidity waters, Moringa oleifera seeds represent a potentially viable substitute of aluminum sulfate for water clarification.
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