Polyanine and its nanocomposite WO 3 /PANI films were deposited on Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass slides by simple Chemical Bath Deposition Method. The morphology and crystalline structure of the composite film was studied using Atomic force (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy, while the electrochemical capacitive properties were determined using Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), chronopotentiometry (CP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The WO 3 / PANI nano-composite exhibited multiple colors (electrochromism) during the CV scans, from brownish green to transparent to light green then back to brownish green. Surprisingly, the integration of the PANI with the WO 3 led to synergistic performance of nanohybrid wherein a true electrochemical double layer capacitor was obtained. Also, interestingly and unlike literature reports, the CBD method led to excellent capacitance retention (> 98%) of the PANI even at 1000 continuous cycles. This work demonstrates that simple CBD can be used to get WO 3 / PANI films that give good electrochromism and pseudocapacitance comparable to the ones obtained by other methods. Hence the obtained nanocomposite film of WO 3 / PANI can be a promising material for electrochromic and energy storage applications.

Silver oxide thin films were deposited on glass substrates at a temperature of 50°C by chemical bath deposition technique under different deposition times using pure AgNO3precursor and triethanolamine as the complexing agent. The chemical analysis based on EDX technique shows the presence of Ag and O at the appropriate energy levels. The morphological features obtained from SEM showed that the AgxO structures varied as the deposition time changes. The X-ray diffraction showed the peaks of Ag2O and AgO in the structure. The direct band gap and the refractive index increased as the deposition time increased and was in the range of 1.64–1.95 eV and 1.02–2.07, respectively. The values of the band gap and refractive index obtained indicate possible applications in photovoltaic and photothermal systems.

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The study of aquifer problems in Gosa area of Abuja, North-central Nigeria, has been undertaken. Abuja, the capital city of Nigeria, is underlain by Precambrian basement rocks. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) was carried out at twelve locations within and around the Gosa area. The interpretation of the data obtained from the sounding revealed that six non-aquiferous geoelectrical layers overlie the unfractured basement. The first layer with average thickness of about 0.5 m and resistivity of 83 Ohmm. The thickness of the second layer is about 0.7 m and resistivity of 438 Ohm-m. The third layer is about 3.4 m thick and resistivity of about 63 Ohm-m. The fourth layer with average thickness of about 16.0 m and resistivity, 236 Ohm-m. The fifth layer with average thickness of 42.7 m and resistivity of about 68 Ohm-m. The thickness of sixth layer varies from 42.7 m to infinity and resistivity of about 2067 Ohm-m. Eight boreholes of varying depths, 45 to 70 m were drilled. Other areas were drilled with good yield of static water level of about 3.7 m, whereas Gosa aquifers were found dried. It could be attributed to basaltic intrusion that shattered the aquifer bearing rocks thereby devoid water in the zone after pronouncing from geophysical investigation.

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