We report measurements of the CMB polarization power spectra from the 2003 January Antarctic flight of BOOMERANG. The primary results come from 6 days of observation of a patch covering 0.22% of the sky centered near R:A: ¼ 82N5, decl: ¼ À45 . The observations were made using four pairs of polarization-sensitive bolometers operating in bands centered at 145 GHz. Using two independent analysis pipelines, we measure a nonzero hEEi signal in the range 201 < l < 1000 with a significance of 4.8 , a 2 upper limit of 8.6 K 2 for any hBBi contribution, and a 2 upper limit of 7.0 K 2 for the hEBi spectrum. Estimates of foreground intensity fluctuations and the nondetection of hBBi and hEBi signals rule out any significant contribution from Galactic foregrounds. The results are consistent with a ÃCDM cosmology seeded by adiabatic perturbations. We note that this is the first detection of CMB polarization with bolometric detectors.
We discuss spherical needlets and their properties. Needlets are a form\ud
of spherical wavelets which do not rely on any kind of tangent plane\ud
approximation and enjoy good localization properties in both pixel and\ud
harmonic space; moreover needlet coefficients are asymptotically\ud
uncorrelated at any fixed angular distance, which makes their use in\ud
statistical procedures very promising. In view of these properties, we\ud
believe needlets may turn out to be especially useful in the analysis of\ud
cosmic microwave background (CMB) data on the incomplete sky, as well as\ud
of other cosmological observations. As a final advantage, we stress that\ud
the implementation of needlets is computationally very convenient and\ud
may rely completely on standard data analysis packages such as HEALPix
In recent years the possibility of measuring the temporal change of radial and transverse position of sources in the sky in real time have become conceivable thanks to the thoroughly improved technique applied to new astrometric and spectroscopic experiments, leading to the research domain we call Real-time cosmology. We review for the first time great part of the work done in this field, analysing both the theoretical framework and some endeavor to foresee the observational strategies and their capability to constrain models. We firstly focus on real time measurements of the overall redshift drift and angular separation shift in distant source, able to trace background cosmic expansion and large scale anisotropy, respectively. We then examine the possibility of employing the same kind of observations to probe peculiar and proper acceleration in clustered systems and therefore the gravitational potential. The last two sections are devoted to the short time future change of the cosmic microwave background, as well as to the temporal shift of the temperature anisotropy power spectrum and maps. We conclude revisiting in this context the effort made to forecast the power of upcoming experiments like CODEX, GAIA and PLANCK in providing these new observational tools
We present the cosmological parameters from the CMB intensity and\ud
polarization power spectra of the 2003 Antarctic flight of the BOOMERANG\ud
telescope. The BOOMERANG data alone constrain the parameters of the\ud
{$\Lambda$CDM model remarkably well and are consistent with constraints\ud
from a multiexperiment combined CMB data set. We add LSS data from the\ud
2dF and SDSS redshift surveys to the combined CMB data set and test\ud
several extensions to the standard model including running of the\ud
spectral index, curvature, tensor modes, the effect of massive\ud
neutrinos, and an effective equation of state for dark energy. We also\ud
include an analysis of constraints to a model that allows a CDM\ud
isocurvature admixture.\ud
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