A glasshouse experiment was carried out to study the effect of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) on the production of pre-basic seed (PBS) potatoes, cv. Janakdev at Khumaltar, (1360 masl) Lalitpur, Nepal during autumn and spring seasons of 2014 and 2015 respectively. Four -week old virus free in vitro plantlets grown in tissue culture laboratory were planted with 20 cm distance between rows and 10 cm between plantlets under glasshouse in completely randomized design. Three growth regulators, paclobutrazol (50 ppm), daminozide (100 ppm), chlormequat chloride (Cycocel) (200 ppm) and simple water as control were used for single foliar spray 6 weeks after transplanting with four replications. Analysis showed that there were significant differences on growth parameters; plant survival, plant uniformity, plant height and yield components; number of minitubers per plant and per square meter in both the seasons. Significantly maximum number of potato minitubers was recorded in growth retardants treated plants as compared to control. Experimental results showed that maximum number of minituber (22.9/plant and 668.2/m 2 ) in autumn and (23.7/plant and 1185.0/m 2 ) in spring season were gained from paclobutrazole spray, which were statistically differed from those of other growth regulators and control. Plants without PGR and treated with daminozide produced the least amount of minituber per unit area. Plant height decreased in all growth regulators over control due to their inhibiting effect on growth of the plants. paclobutrazol significantly reduced plant height but produced larger and heavier minitubers compared to other treatments. Hence, the best PGR for optimum enhancement of minituber number and size was paclobutrazol. The results suggested that paclobutrazol could be used in pre-basic seed potato production, leading to maximum minituber production which ultimately gave higher returns. The study concluded that spraying growth retarding chemicals at grand growth stage checked the excessive vegetative growth and increased the number and size of minituber.
Field experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 at the National Potato Research Programme (NPRP), Lalitpur (1360 masl), Nepal, to determine the effect of crop geometry on the growth, yield, and quality of sweet potato genotypes. The experiment was laid out on sandy loam soil in a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and comprised of a total of twelve treatment combinations of four crop geometry (60cm×25 cm, 60cm×30 cm, 70cm×25 cm, and 70cm×30 cm) and three genotypes (CIP 440015, CIP 440267 and Local White). Among the different crop geometries and genotypes evaluated, 70cm×30 cm plant spacing and Local White genotype were found statistically superior to enhance marketable tuberous root weight per plant (0.572 and 0.541 kg), tuberous root diameter (62.59 and 61.0 mm), shoot fresh weight (509 and 524 g), and tuberous root yield per plant (616 and 620 g). The genotype, Local White yielded higher among the genotypes. The reducing sugar content was influenced significantly by crop geometry and genotypes. The pooled mean showed the highest (15.48 and 17.26 %) reducing sugar in closer geometry 60 cm × 25 cm and Local White genotype respectively and the lowest (11.54 %) in the genotype CIP 440015. CIP genotypes, on the other hand, were high in ß carotene content, whereas the Local genotype had a negligible amount (0.35 mg/100g). On hectare level, our result showed that highest plant density of 66,666 plants ha-1 (60 cm × 25 cm) could give the highest yield per unit area due to greater crop biomass. Our findings suggest that crop geometry can have a considerable impact on sweet potato production. As a result, the geometry of sweet potatoes can be wide or narrow depending on our needs and the area available in our study area or a similar situation.
The present study analyses the gaps and issues in the production and distribution system of potato seeds in Nepal. Households’ survey combined with focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KII) were carried out to collect the information. Gross benefit and descriptive statistics were employed for the analysis of the data. Results revealed that National Potato Research Program (NPRP) and some private companies were responsible for the zero generation Pre-Basic Seeds (PBS) production. National Centre for Potato, Vegetables and Spice Crops Development Program (NCPVSCDP) collects the seed demand and helps in potato seed certification at the farmers’ level. The current production is inadequate to meet the demand. As the present potato productivity is 16.72 mt ha-1 which is less than projected by National Seed Vision (NSV), reducing the yield gap is one of the important ways to meet the demand. The Gross benefit per hectare of first-generation basic potato seed (BS1) was NRs 14, 66,667 ($ 12,759) and second-generation basic potato seed (BS2) was NRs 9, 20, 667 ($ 8,009). However, the potato seed system is not working effectively in Nepal. Therefore, the adoption of improved potato varieties should be extensive through a strong mechanism for maintaining the full seed cycle and its proper distribution. Further, it is equally important to change the perception of farmers by showing the comparative benefit of growing ware potato and seed potato.
A study was conducted to evaluate processing attributes of different potato clones (genotype) and their effect in chips quality in combination with different potato slice treatments in Bhaktapur, Nepal from January to April 2018. Six potato clones (PRP 35861.18, CIP 384866.5, PRP226267.11, CIP 388676.1, PRP 858676.1 and Desiree) were allocated in Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. Significant variation among the potato clones was found with respect to dry matter and reducing sugar content. PRP 858676.1 showed the highest dry matter whereas the lowest reducing sugar content was with CIP 384866.5. Variation in specific gravity and total soluble solidwas not found statistically significant. Chips were prepared in two factorial design with 3 replications, following the protocol of National Potato Research Program. First factor was potato clones and the second factor was slice treatments viz; cold water, 0.5% NaCl solution and warm water at 45ºC. This study revealed significant variation in chips colour, taste & flavour, crispiness, overall acceptability and recovery percent. Clone CIP 388676.1 with slices treated with cold water produced best quality chips while highest recovery percent was given by PRP 858676.1 treated with warm water at 45ºC. Superior quality of chips was obtained with CIP 388676.1 followed by Desiree, CIP 384866.5 and PRP 858676.1. Thus, potato clones CIP 388676.1, Desiree, CIP 384866.5 and PRP 858676.1 needs further evaluation for chips quality and slice treatment with cold water should be recommended for good quality chips production.
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