Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormone or, more rarely, from their impaired activity at tissue level. In its clinically overt form, hypothyroidism is a relatively common condition, with an approximate prevalence of 2% in adult women and 0.2% in adult men. Deficiency of the hormone has a wide range of effects, because all metabolically active cells require thyroid hormone. Aim of the study is to determine the incidence of deafness in patients suffering from goiterous hypothyroidism exclusively and to evaluate the role of Lthyroxine therapy in improving the hearing in this group of patients. In this study, two groups were included: a hypothyroidism group (HG, n-30), and a control group (CG, n-30). Parameters studied: gender, time of hypothyroidism, comorbidities, cochleovestibular symptoms, biochemistry and hormonal exams (TSH, T4), tonal audiometry, TOAEs and BERA. All participants were women, 70% of the HG had Hashimoto thyroiditis, and 60% of the HG had had the diagnostic of the hypothyroidism for at least five years. Depression and hypertension were frequent in HG. All HG patients had altered TSH values and 50% had diminished T4 values. Sensorineural hearing loss was detected in 22 ears from the HG and in seven from the CG.
The Niligiri Langur (Trachypithecus johnii) is a threatened black faced colobine which is endemic to Western Ghats in south India. The present study is designed to study the bacterial flora of gut from this non-human primate. The captive non-human primates usually suffer from gastrointestinal disturbances which often go unnoticed but they harbor variety bacterial flora in the gut. The Enterobactericeace such as E. coli, Shigella spp. and Salmonella spp. are some of the important bacterial species of gut flora. A total of 21 animals studied, of which 56 feacal swabs were collected from 18 animals from Arignar Anna Zoological Park (AAZP), Vandalur, Chennai and 8 feacal swabs from 3 animals from Sri Chamarajendra Zoological Park (SCZP), Mysore. The 64 fresh feacal samples were screened for prevalence of E. coli and Salmonella spp. by conventional cultural method and molecular techniques. The prevalence of E. coli was found to be 100 percent (n-64) by cultural and PCR assay whereas Salmonella was isolated from 67.18% (43/64) viz., 37/56 (66%) in AAZP and 6/8 (75%) in SCZP by cultural method and PCR. The isolates were further subjected to antibiotic sensitivity test and found that isolates are sensitive to gentamicin, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin but few isolates found resistant to amoxicillin and cefotaxime. The present study concludes that E. coli is highly prevalent compared to Salmonella in gut of Niligiri Langur.
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