Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da deriva simulada do herbicida glyphosate no crescimento inicial de plantas de pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas) em casa de vegetação. Para simulação da deriva de glyphosate, utilizaram-se as seguintes doses: 0,0; 1,4; 2,8; 5,6; 11,3; 22,5; 45,0; 90,0; 180,0; e 360,0 g ha-1 de glyphosate, distribuídas em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. O glyphosate foi aplicado 51 dias após a semeadura, quando as plantas de pinhão-manso apresentavam entre 16 e 18 folhas completamente desenvolvidas e altura média de 45 cm. As aplicações das doses foram feitas com pulverizador costal pressurizado a CO 2, regulado para proporcionar 200 L ha-1. Os resultados indicam que a altura, o diâmetro do caule, a área foliar, bem como a massa seca de folha, caule e raiz das plantas de pinhão-manso, apresentaram reduções após a simulação da deriva de glyphosate, em relação à testemunha. Dessa forma, pode-se concluir que o desenvolvimento inicial das plantas de pinhão-manso foi influenciado pela deriva simulada de glyphosate; a deriva de doses superiores a 45,0 g ha-1 pode ser severamente prejudicial às plantas no período de 41 dias após a aplicação.
This study aimed to analyze the influence of different doses of phosphorus (P2O5) applied at the base on the initial growth of Jatropha curcas L. The experimental randomized blocks design was used with four replications. The treatments consisted of the following doses of phosphorus fertilization: 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g plant-1 of P2O5 at 36, 60, 71, 85, 106, 140, 177, 199, 235 and 263 days after seedlings transplanting. Growth parameters evaluated were as follows: plant height, stem diameter, number of primary and secondary branches, number of inflorescences, fruits number, leaf area and seed yield. The P2O5 levels influenced the early growth of the plants. For most of the evaluated characteristics (plant height, number of primary branches, inflorescences, number of fruits), a dose of 150 g plant-1 was the one that promoted greater increase to 140 DAT. Due to the high genetic variability among plants, and the fact that scientists in the field of genetic improvement are working for the development of cultivars with desirable agronomic characteristics, it is necessary to conduct further studies with phosphate fertilizer for the cultivation of Jatropha.
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