, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been spreading worldwide, and the outbreak was declared as a pandemic by World Health Organization on 12 March 2020. 1 Clinical studies have indicated that the spectrum of symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection ranges from mild (81%) to critical (5%). Severe illness (14%) and mortality (2.3%) predominantly occur in adults with older age or underlying medical comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic lung disease, hypertension, cancer, and also severe obesity. 2,3 Approximately 37.9 million people living with HIV (PLHIV) worldwide are at risk of COVID-19. 4 Because of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and prevention policies, the number of PLHIV over the age of 50 years has increased dramatically and it is estimated that more than 1/5 of PLHIV globally are in this older age group. 5 And also, PLHIV have a higher risk of comorbid conditions compared with the general population because of chronic inflammation and immune activation from HIV, side effects of ART, and traditional risk factors such as alcohol, and tobacco use. 6
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is still a challenge for children. About 15 to 45% of the HIV positive pregnant women can transmit the virus to their children during pregnancy, delivery and/or breastfeeding. The risk of transmission can be decreased my several measures. Aims: To identify factors associated with HIV infection in children born to HIV-infected mothers. Study Design: A multi-center retrospective cohort study. Methods: A ten-year retrospective cohort study in five dedicated HIV centers was conducted. The 325 women in our cohort were between the ages of 18 and 45. During the study period, 44 (13.5%) of these women gave birth and 51 babies were born. Of the 51 infants, 7 (13.7%) were HIV/AIDS positive. Results: Among the factors studied, breastfeeding, having a HIV-positive sibling and being on antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy and detectable HIV-RNA during delivery were found statistically significant. A multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that being on antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy is the most important predictor of mother-to-child transmission. Conclusion: Mother-to-child transmission appears to be an important route of HIV transmission in Turkey. Lack of antiretroviral treatment during pregnancy appears to be a key factor in transmission.
Yeni tanı alan, "human immunodeficiency virus" (HIV) ile infekte bireylere, mortalite ve morbiditenin azaltılması ve diğer kişilere bulaşın engellemesi için hızlı antiretroviral tedaviye (ART) başlanması önerilmektedir. Hastanın tedaviyi alma ve tedavi altında kalma olasılığını artırdığı, viral baskılanmayı sağlamak için gereken süreyi azalttığı ve viral baskılanma oranlarını artırdığı için tedaviye mümkün olduğu kadar erken başlanması gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır. Ancak sağlık kuruluşunun altyapısı, hastanın klinik-sosyal durumu ve başlanacak tedavinin niteliği hızlı ART'ye uygun olmalıdır.
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