It is difficult to predict outcome in neonates that experience perinatal hypoxic ischaemia. Morbidity and mortality may be affected by genetic factors that augment inflammatory and coagulative responses. This prospective study analysed the effects of proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms (tumour necrosis factor-α [TNFA] 308G>A and interleukin-6 [IL6] 174G>C) and prothrombotic factor gene mutations (prothrombin G20210A, factor V Leiden G1691A and methylenetetra hydrofolate reductase [MTHFR] C677T) on the early neurological prognosis in 40 term hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathic neonates. There were significant relationships for Sarnat and Sarnat staging with electroencephalographic findings, transfontanelle ultrasound (US) results, early neonatal outcome and neurological morbidity. Genetic mutations in the prothrombotic proteins, the TNFA 308G>A polymorphism and the cerebrospinal fluid levels of TNF-α protein were not related to clinical stage, electroencephalography, transfontanelle US or neurological status at discharge or at postnatal months 6 and 12. The IL6 174GC genotype demonstrated a protective role, being significantly correlated with normal electroencephalography, transfontanelle US and normal neurological findings at discharge. In conclusion, the IL6 174GC gene polymorphism seems to play a role in determining the risk and/or severity of perinatal cerebral injury.

Ophthalmologic procedures continue to be a potential source of adenovirus outbreaks. However, negligence of contact measures during routine daily nursing care seems to be a more important contributing factor for rapid spread. Strict adherence to appropriate aseptic procedures is required to prevent this potentially hazardous infection in preterm infants.

No abstract

Brucellosis is primarily a zoonotic disease that continues to be an important public health problem. It is a rare, multisystem infection of childhood and it may present with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations and complications. However, lung involvement is extremely rare in the course of childhood brucellosis. This case report describes a 6-year-old child who was referred to our hospital as meningococcemia but diagnosed as lobar pneumonia in follow-up. Brucella agglutination test and bone marrow culture were diagnostic of brucellosis. The patient responded to the combination therapy of rifampicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

Nemaline myopathy (NM) is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous muscle disorder, defined by the presence of characteristic nemaline bodies on muscle biopsy. The disease has a wide spectrum of phenotypes, ranging from forms with neonatal onset and fatal outcome to asymptomatic forms. The neonatal form is severe and usually fatal. The clinical variability, with differing age of onset and severity of symptoms makes the diagnosis difficult during infancy. There is no curative treatment. L-tyrosine may prevent aspiration by reducing pharyngeal secretions and drooling. Most of the patients die from respiratory and cardiac failure. This article discusses a newborn infant who presented with generalized weakness and respiratory failure. Partial response to L-tyrosine treatment was noted. The case is worth presenting to remind clinicians of congenital myopathies in the differential diagnosis of floppy infant during neonatal period and to emphasize the importance of muscle biopsy in diagnosis.

The findings indicated that maternal periodontitis was not a possible risk factor for pre-term delivery. Further studies with additional clinical trials are needed to explore the possible relationship between periodontal disease and pre-term birth.

Oral ibuprofen therapy is as efficacious as intravenous ibuprofen with some concerns about increased sepsis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia incidence. However, comprehensive and large-scale pharmacokinetic studies are required in order to prove this efficacy. On the other hand, intravenous ibuprofen still remains to be the drug of choice for patent ductus arteriosus but only with meticulous control of serum sodium levels in smaller infants.

Amaç: Yenidogan indirekt hiperbilirübinemisi nedenlerinden kan grubu uygunsuziukian sik görülür Minor kan grubu uyuçmaziigi çok ender olup, kan degiçimine gereksinim gösteren ciddi tiemolitik reaksiyonlara yol açabilir Minor kan gruplan arasinda en sik görülenler; non-D Rh antijenleri (c,C,e,E), Kell, Duffy, Kidd ve MNS'dir Bu calä §mada Yenidogan Klinigi'ne indirekt hiperbilirübinemi tanisiyla yatirilan, bilinen veya saptanabilen hiperbilirubinemi nedenleri di §indaki olgularda minor kan gruplarinin saptanmasi ve bunlarin olasi etkilerinin ara §tirilmasi planlandi. Gereç ve Yöntem: 01.07-31.09.2009 tarihieri arasinda 107 yenidoganda sarilik nedeninin minor eritrosit antijenleriyie iligkisi arastirildi. ABO/Rh uygunsuziugu, hipotiroidi, glüko2-6-fosfat-dehidrogenaz eksikligi, dogu §tan metabolik hastalik, sepsis gibi bilinen diger hiperbilirübinemi nedenli hastalar çali §maya alinmadi. Çali §ma için etik kurul onayí alinmi §tir (25.06.2006/35-2009). Minor eritrosit antijenleri insan kökenli monokional antiserumiar kullanilarak jel santrifügasyon yöntemiyle çaliçildi. Antikor tarama testi pozitif bulunan annelerde antikor belirlemesi yapildi. Annede mevcut antikorlara kargilik gelen ve bebekte pozitif bulunan antijenler uygunsuziuk sebebi kabul edildi. Antikor tarama sonucuna bakilmaksizin Kell,C,E,c,e antijenlerinin varligi ara §tinldi.. Buiguiar:Yüz yedi yenidoganm yedisinde (%6,5) minor eritrosit uyu §mazligi saptandi. Klinige yatirilan toplam 230 indirekt hiperbilirübinemili hasta degerlendirildiginde ise pozitiflik %3'dü. En sik uyu §mazlik dort olgu ile MNS grubundan "s" antijenine bagliydi. Diger antijenler ise; C, Jka, S, Lub ve N'di. Kell antijeni pozitif bulunan bir olgunun annesinde antikor tarama testi negatifti. Uygunsuziuk saptanan olgulann hiç birisinde direkt coombs testi pozitifligi ya da ciddi hemoliz bulgusuna rastlanmadi. Diger olgularla kar §ila §tirildiginda bu olgularda sarilik daha geç fark edilmiç ancak seyri benzer olmu §tur Çikanmlar: Sarilikia gelen yenidoganlarda minor eritrosit antijenleri düzenli çaliçilmamaktadir. Ancak minor kan gruplarinin da yenidogan sarihgina yol açabilecegi, ciddi hemolitik hastalik olu §turabilecegi ve patolojik sariliklarda ara §tirilmasi gerektigi akilda tutulmalidir (Turk PedAr § 2013:48; 23-9) Anahtar sözcükler: Alloimmünizasyon, eritrosit antijeni, hemoliz, hiperbilirübinemi, minor, subgrup, yenidogan Summary Aim: ABO/Rh incompatibilities are common causes of blood group incompatibility in newborns. On rare occasions, ailoimmunization due to minor erythrocyte antigens may cause severe hemolytic disease requiring exchange transfusion. Most common minor erythrocyte antigens include non-D Rh antigens (c, C, e, E), Kell, Duff^ Kidd and MNS. In this study, we aimed to investigate minor erythrocyte antigens and their possible effects in newborns who were hospitalized for-indirect hyperbilirubinemia and did not have any other detectable cause for neonatal jaundice. newborns were enrolled to investigate the relationship between minor erythrocyte antigens and n...