Introduction The effects of squamous and/or glandular differentiation in urothelial carcinoma of bladder on recurrence, progression and survival rate were evaluated in this study. Patients and methods Between 1998 and 2003, a total of 223 patients who had been treated with transurethral resection for bladder cancers were evaluated. The patients were divided into two groups as; Group I: tumor patients with squamous and/or glandular differentiation, Group II: patients without these findings. Results Histologically 189 (84.7%) were conventional urothelial carcinoma and 34 (15.2%) were tumors with squamous and/or glandular differentiation. The mean age of the patients was 64.4 ± 12.7 (range 36-81) years. Survival rates within a period of 46.23 ± 14.8 (12-67) months were 76.47% for Group I and 89.94% for Group II (P = 0.027). The stage distribution as pTa, pT1, and ‡pT2 was 2 (5.9%), 18 (52.9%), and 14 (41.2%) in Group I and 101 (53.4%), 51 (27%) and 37 (19.6%) in group II, respectively (P = 0.001). There was a statistically significant tendency towards higher stage at presentation in Group I and the grade distribution was significantly higher in Group I than Group II (P < 0.001). Conclusion High recurrence rates and poor prognosis of these patients should be kept in mind in the follow-up period. In this respect, these patients should be followed up closely.

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E-CD expression was decreased in pathologic specimens of bladder tumor patients with muscularis mucosae involvement and this condition correlated well with tumor recurrence.

Bleeding is a complication of gastrointestinal vascular malformation and may be an emergency. Dieulafoy's lesion is rare but the aberrant submucosal artery may cause gastrointestinal bleeding. It is most commonly located in the proximal part of the stomach. Endoscopy is used for diagnosis and treatment. Mass lesions, diffuse lesions and severe bleeding may require surgery. Wedge resection or lesion suturing may be selected for gastrointestinal haemorrhage.

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