Bu çalışma; bireylerin COVID-19 pandemi öncesinde ve pandemi sırasındaki fiziksel aktivite durumlarını karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubunu Türkiye'nin farklı şehirlerinde yaşayan, 18 yaşından büyük olan ve vücut kitle indeks ortalamaları 22,86±3,69 olan 413 kadın, 457 erkek toplamda 870 birey oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada bireylerin fiziksel aktivite durumlarını tespit etmek amacıyla ''Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi'' (IPAQ) kullanılmıştır. Bireylerin anket sonuçlarını cinsiyet, pandemi öncesi ve pandemi sırası değişkenleriyle karşılaştırmak için SPSS istatistik paket programı kullanılmıştır. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test sonuçlarına göre verilerin normal dağılmadığı tespit edilmiş ve nonparametrik testlerden olan Mann Whitney U ve Wilcoxon testleri kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada anlamlılık düzeyi (p)<0.05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, bireylerin pandemi öncesi ve sırasındaki fiziksel aktivite toplam ve alt parametreleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Cinsiyete göre pandemi öncesi fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri erkek bireyler lehine anlamlı bulunurken (p<0.05), pandemi sırasında cinsiyete göre anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak bireylerin pandemi sırasında pandemi öncesine göre fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinde anlamlı bir şekilde düşüş tespit edilmiştir.
This study was carried out to find out the burnout levels of judo coaches in COVID-19 period and to show how they will approach their profession and athletes in the period after the pandemic. 136 judo coaches from different coaching levels participated in the study. Maslach Burnout Inventory was used in the study. In addition, 3 qualitative questions were prepared by the researchers to find out the emotions of coaches during and after the pandemic and how they approached their athletes. IBM SPSS 22 statistical program was used to analyze the data in the study. Since the data were not normally distributed, non-parametric Mann Whitney U was used in paired group comparisons, while Kruskal Wallis H test was used for the comparison of more than two groups and significance level was taken as p < .05. Content analysis method was used to analyze the 3 qualitative questions. As a result, burnout levels of the judo coaches in the study were found to be low. No significant difference was found between the variables of gender, age and coaching level and burnout level. In addition, while coaches stated that they missed their profession and were waiting excitedly for trainings to start, more than half of them stated that their approaches to athletes will change after the pandemic.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it was decided to conduct educational activities online and the burnout status of teachers who suddenly switched to distance education became a matter of curiosity. This study was carried out to examine the burnout levels of physical education and sports teachers during the Covid-19 period and to examine possible changes that may occur after this process by getting information about how they will approach their profession. profession and students. In this context, the research group consists of 210 physical education and sports teachers, 142 men and 68 women. These teachers took a break from face-to-face education due to the pandemic and continued their lessons with online education. The Maslach Burnout Inventory and 3 semi-structured questions were used to find out the emotional states of physical education and sports teachers and how they approached students during and after the pandemic. IBM SPSS 22 statistical program was used in the analysis of the data obtained from the scale. Analysis of normality showed that the data were normally distributed. Parametric test independent samples t-test was used to compare paired groups, one-way ANOVA was used to compare more than two groups and the level of significance was accepted as (p)<.05. In addition, the content analysis method was used in the analysis of the data obtained from the semi-structured interview form. The results showed that physical education and sports teachers participating in the study experienced moderate burnout. It was determined that the most negatively affected aspect of teachers was emotional exhaustion during the Covid-19 pandemic. There was no significant difference between the burnout levels of physical education and sports teachers according to the variables of gender, age, professional seniority, the type of sports they do. Physical education and sports teachers stated that they missed their students and they wanted face-to-face education to start at school, while more than half of the teachers stated that their attitudes to students will change after the pandemic.
Öz Bu çalışmanın amacı ortaöğretim tarih ders kitaplarındaki savaşların yer AN EVALUATION NARRATIVE OF WARS ON HISTORY TEXTBOOKS AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to investigate how the phenomenon of war was studied at the history books of secondary education. The
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