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actual number. Although it has been over three years, health providers still could not find an exact treatment for the disease. Symptomatic treatments and vaccines have been developed, but the curative treatment is still waiting to be explored. Beyond the treatment, there are too many unknowns about COVID-19. The disease can react differently in different patient populations, such as pregnant women. Pregnant women may be risky of developing more severe conditions after infection due to physiological changes in the immune and cardiopulmonary systems during pregnancy (3). Small case series was published at the first stages of the pandemic and those studies reported increased fatality and more severe complications during pregnancy (4-6). However, COVID-19 pneumonia in pregnant women has been reported to be similar to that in non-pregnant women (7,8). The exact relationship between COVID-19 and pregnancy is not very clear. Furthermore, there is still no evidence of vertical transmission of . Therefore, the intrauterine and neonatal effects of the disease due to maternal infection are also unclear.The present study aimed to investigate the association between COVID-19 and pregnancy. We studied the maternal

Objective: To determine the incidence of uterine abnormalities in patients with PCOS Design: Retrospective Cohort Study Setting: Tertiary University Hospital Population: Infertile patients with PCOS vs. male factor infertility were selected from the IVF center electronic database from between the years 2011-2019. Methods: A total of 103 patients, 51 PCOS, and 52 male factor infertility were enrolled in the study. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) images of all patients were numbered. For the study, six different shapes of the intrauterine cavity were figured. All HSG images were evaluated by ten senior reproductive endocrinologists and surgeons. Seniors were blinded to the research and chose the most appropriate figure for each patient's HSG image. Results and Demographic parameters were compared between PCOS and Male Factor Groups. Anti-Mullerian hormone correlation with Uterine abnormality was further analyzed. Main Outcome Measure: Percentage of the abnormal uterine cavity Results: The percentage of the normal uterine cavity was significantly lower in the PCOS group. (45.9 % and 73.1 %, p<0.01) The abnormal cavities were compared; Arcuate Uterus (22.18% vs 6.6% p<0.05), Partial Septate Uterus (5.1% vs 0% p<0.05), Complete Septate Uterus (5.47% vs 1.2% p<0.01) and Y-Shaped Uterus (7.47% vs 0 p<0.05) were significantly higher in PCOS patients. T-Shaped Uterus (13.8% vs. 18.9%) was statically similar. There was no correlation between serum AMH levels and the presence of uterine abnormality. Conclusion: This study provides that, compared to the healthy population, the uterine abnormality frequency is clearly higher

OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of vitamin .D(Vit.D) administration in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) DESIGN: Experimental animal study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty female pre-pubertal mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: the control, PCOS, PCOS+low dose Vit.D and PCOS+high dose Vit.D groups(N¼10 per group). The PCOS mouse model was developed by 6mg/kg/day dehydroepiandrosterone(DHEA) administration with subcutaneously injections and high fat diet feeding. After 30 days, Vit.D was administrated by intraperitoneal injection in the following 40 days, 130ng/100g/week 1,25(OH)2D3 in low dose Vit.D group, and 1300ng/100g/week 1,25(OH)2D3 in high dose Vit.D group. Controls were injected with vehicle alone and fed with normal diet. At the end of the 70 days, blood samples were collected and the ovarian and liver tissues were taken.RESULTS: All the mice in PCOS+high dose Vit.D group died in two weeks after Vit.D administration. In the other three group, the weight of the PCOS mice was significantly higher than the weight of the controls before Vit.D administration( 31.10AE2.52, 31.76AE2.54 VS 28.82AE1.83g, PCOS group, PCOS+low dose Vit.D group VS control group, P¼0.022). However, at the end of the study, the weight of the mice in PCOS group was significantly higher than those in control group and PCOS+low dose Vit.D group (41.41AE3.90 VS 35.50AE2.50, 34.55AE2.31 g, P¼0.000). The serum 25(OH) D concentration was significantly higher in PCOS+low dose Vit.D group than in control group and PCOS group (99.29AE18.31 VS 19.55AE4.10,18.04AE6.51 ng/ml,P¼0.000). The testosterone levels in PCOS group were significantly higher than those of control group and PCOS+low dose Vit.D group (1.27AE0.27 VS 0.95AE0.15 ,0.90AE0.17 ng/ml, P¼0.001). Furthermore, total cholesterol levels in control group were lower than in PCOS and PCOS+low dose Vit.D group (3.08AE0.44 VS 4.55AE0.47, 4.42AE0.45mmol/L, P¼0.011). Moreover, the ratio of liver weight to body weight was significantly different among the three groups (0.045AE0.0046 VS 0.036AE0.0043 VS 0.041AE0.0031, control group VS PCOS group VS PCOS+low dose Vit.D group, P¼0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that low dose Vit.D has positive effects on the hormonal changes and obesity observed in PCOS, maybe through liver metabolism regulation, and high dose Vit.D administration may be harmful.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the embryo transfer duration of standard and simple embryo transfer method. STUDY DESIGN: This study was a retrospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary ART Centre, between June 2018- September 2018. Day 5 fresh embryo transferred patients aged between 18 - 40, BMI <35 kg/m2 without uterine pathology were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into two groups. Group-1 consisted of patients who had successful implantation and Group-2 consisted of patients who did not have implantation. Groups were compared according to their embryo transfer durations. Ninety-two patients were enrolled in the study. Also, sub-steps of as; cleaning of the cervical mucus and placing the outer catheter in the cervix, loading the embryo to the catheter, the period between embryo loading and embryo transfer, and following that, time spent for retracting the outer catheter evaluated. RESULTS: Between Group-1 and Group-2, there was no significant difference for the period of cervical cleaning and placing the outer catheter into the cervix (Respectively; 63 sec vs. 76 sec; p=0.18), the period of embryo loading (Respectively; 69sec vs. 71sec; p=0.46), the period between embryo loading and embryo transfer (Respectively; 10 sec vs. 10 sec; p=0.74, retracing the outer catheter (Respectively; 25.5sec vs. 24sec; p=0.42 and the total period of embryo transfer (182sec vs. 182.5 sec; p=0.55). CONCLUSION: The embryo transfer duration is not related to implantation rates. The duration of the embryo transfer process steps is not a distinguishing factor if a good-quality embryo transfer is done.