Diseases of the cardiovascular system are one of the major causes of death worldwide. These diseases could be quickly detected by changes in the sound created by the action of the heart. This dynamic auscultations need extensive professional knowledge and emphasis on listening skills. There is also an unmet requirement for a compact cardiac condition early warning device. In this paper, we propose a prototype of a digital stethoscopic system for the diagnosis of cardiac abnormalities in real time using machine learning methods. This system consists of three subsystems that interact with each other (1) a portable digital subsystem of an electronic stethoscope, (2) a decision-making subsystem, and (3) a subsystem for displaying and visualizing the results in an understandable form. The electronic stethoscope captures the patient's phonocardiographic sounds, filters and digitizes them, and then sends the resulting phonocardiographic sounds to the decision-making system. The decision-making system classifies sounds into normal and abnormal using machine learning techniques, and as a result identifies abnormal heart sounds. The display and visualization subsystem demonstrates the results obtained in an understandable way not only for medical staff, but also for patients and recommends further actions to patients. As a result of the study, we obtained an electronic stethoscope that can diagnose cardiac abnormalities with an accuracy of more than 90%. More accurately, the proposed stethoscope can identify normal heart sounds with 93.5% accuracy, abnormal heart sounds with 93.25% accuracy. Moreover, speed is the key benefit of the proposed stethoscope as 15 s is adequate for examination.
To date, several trends in digital technologies have been identified, among which the Internet of Things stands out – a network of digital devices and devices that interact via the Internet. The application areas of the Internet of Things are very wide: industrial technologies, remote service and survival technologies, educational technologies. Modern digital technologies should be introduced into the content of technological education in schools and in the training of computer science teachers. This need is also determined by the currently implemented national projects "Digital Kazakhstan" and "Education". The purpose of the article is to consider the Internet of Things as the content of technological education of future computer science teachers. The article will focus on the formation and development of professional ICT (information and communication technologies) qualifications of the future computer science teacher when teaching the Internet of Things in higher education institutions. When teaching the Internet of Things (IoT), the problems that may arise are taken into account, and it is described how this affects the information and communication skills of the future teacher.
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