The IPCC climate models predict, for the Maghreb countries, lower rainfall and increased aridity. Current observations in the three countries of central Maghreb (Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia) are not consistent with these predictions. To demonstrate this new trend, a detailed regional analysis of rainfall evolution is conducted. This investigation is based on the calculation of the reduced centered index and the chronological graphical method of processing information (MGCTI) of “Bertin matrix” type. The results show extreme variability of this parameter and the severe past drought (more intense for Morocco, in which the drastic conditions from the seventies are observed). The results also show the beginning of a gradual return to wetter conditions since the early 2000s in Algeria and Tunisia and from 2008 for Morocco (this trend is confirmed by recent agricultural production data in 2011/2012 and 2012/2013).
This study concerns the West African Sahel. The Sahelian climate is characterized by a long dry season and a rainy season which starts in June and ends in September–October. This latter season is associated with the process of oceanic moisture transfer to the mainland (the West African Monsoon). This movement is governed by an overall moving of the meteorological equator and its low-pressure corridor (Intertropical Convergence Zone, ITCZ) towards the north, under the effect of the attraction of the Saharan thermal depressions and a greater vigor of the anticyclonic nuclei. This study was conducted on 27 Sahelian climatic stations in three countries (Burkina Faso, Mauritania, and Senegal). The method used to determine the modes of this variability and the trends of rainfall is the chronological graphic method of information processing (MGCTI) of the “Bertin Matrix” and continuous wavelets transform (CWT). Results show a rain resumption observed in the recent years over the Sahelian region and a convincing link with the surface temperature of the Atlantic Ocean.
Boian Plain is a subunit of the Romanian Plain affected, at least in the last 20 years, by periods of dryness and agro-meteorological drought with non-uniformity fall precipitation and warm air masses invasions from North Africa. For 2008-2013 timeframe, such phenomena with agro-climatic risk were recorded each year. The reduction of water resources in the first 20 cm of the soil affected crops, in particular those of cereal crops specific for this region. This thing had negative repercussions on the quantity and quality of agricultural production.
Liquid precipitation that freezes on contact with the surface of the underlying components represent a major risk meteorological phenomena affecting, among other things, the high proportion, forest vegetation. The phenomen occurs with a relatively high frequency, every few years, depending on specific mechanisms aggregation on atmospheric physics, needed to its genesis. Affected areas suffer significant changes in structure and composition of forest vegetation. Such a phenomen it was in the first decade of December 2014 on the northern slopes Persani Mountains and it affects an area of 2691.6 hectares of the Măieruş Forest Dept., in Brasov county, resulting 1.84486 million lei ( equivalent to approx. 412,000 euros) damages. Reducing the negative effects on the environment depends on how the administration made the harvesting of downed timber and reforestation of affected areas.
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