A novel dual chamber (DC) measurement cell has been implemented for simultaneous monitoring of crystallographic and electrochemical (EC) properties of Ni-Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 2−δ (Ni-GDC) solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode at different fuel cell polarizations. The influence of system parameters (temperature, oxygen partial pressure in anode compartment and oxide ion flux through the electrolyte membrane from the cathode to the anode) on the crystallographic structure of GDC and redox performance of Ni has been studied. The oxide ion flux through the membrane from cathode to anode leads to increase of oxygen partial pressure in anode layers close to electrolyte. Increase of oxygen partial pressure leads to decrease of unit cell volume of the GDC lattice. The observed average change of GDC lattice parameter was 0.0147 Å V −1 at 800 • C. The oxidation of Ni caused by oxide ion flux at high fuel cell loads has been detected electrochemically but not from XRD results.
A novel La0.
2Sr0.7-xCaxTi0.95Fe0.05O3-δ (LSCFT-x) fuel electrode compositions for high-temperature solid oxide fuel cell application are synthesized using glycine-nitrate synthesis method. To understand the influence of Sr/Ca ratio on electrical conductivities of different compositions of LSCFT, the DC four-probe conductivity measurements of porous electrode layers has been performed. Conductivities have been measured at three different atmospheres: air, 1% H2 + 3% H2O + 96% Ar, and 97% H2 + 3% H2O. The crystal structure and microstructure have been studied using X-ray diffraction and SEM, respectively to confirm the phase purity and visualize the microstructure of studied electrode layers. It has been shown that the LSCTF material behave like semiconductor and the conductivity is significantly dependent of Ca concentration in A-site. The maximal total electrical conductivity of porous electrode layer made of LSCFT was 5.5 S cm−
1 at 850°C characteristic for the LSCFT-45 material in 97% H2 + 3% H2O atmosphere.
The electrochemical and crystalline structure of mixed ionic‐electronic conductive La0.75Sr0.25Cr0.5Mn0.3Ni0.2O3–δ (LSCMN) electrode in porous scandia ceria stabilized zirconia (ScCeSZ) electrolyte matrix during the first 140 h has been studied in an operando XRD experiment. Intense degradation of electrochemical performance in a fuel cell as well as in electrolysis modes has been observed. However, the mechanism of the degradation was seen to be different for the two operation modes. The formation of the new ceramic phase was observed on the surface of the electrode using the Grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction at the pulsed laser deposited LSCMN model electrode. Instability of the LSCMN phase in the ScCeSZ matrix at SOFC working conditions has been demonstrated using the novel operando XRD technique. The decrease in wt.% of the LSCMN during degradation was approximately 27 ± 4.5%. A slow increase of the ScCeSZ lattice parameter was observed and attributed to the doping of electrolytes with some LSCMN components.
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