Summary. The changes in tlie antibotly and cellular content of milk and mammary lymph have been stndied in ewes jjiven intramanmiary infusions of various antigens. Killed Brucella ahortus, Salm
The distributions of plasma concentrations of complement proteins C3 and C4 were studied in sample populations of merino and Suffolk sheep. No differences between the breeds or the sexes were observed. The distribution for ovine C4 was polymodal and very disperse relative to that for C3. It was found, however, that C3 concentrations were elevated in specimens from 20 merino sheep bred as high responders to a Trichostrongylus vaccine. Significantly decreased plasma C4 concentrations were observed in representatives of both merino and merino X Border Leicester cross-bred sheep affected with congenital progressive ovine muscular dystrophy. Agarose gel electrophoretic variants of ovine C3 were not detected. Evidence for electrophoretic variants of ovine C4 in agarose gels was found although individual allotypes could not be reliably identified. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) did not reveal size heterogeneity for the α and β chains of immunoprecipitated ovine C3. Analysis of reduced immunoprecipitated ovine C4 by SDS-PAGE revealed considerable size heterogeneity in the α chain consistent with isotypic and/or allotypic variability. The data presented strongly suggest the presence of two C4 loci in sheep, each of which exhibits polymorphism.
Summary Experiments were carried out on 9 lactating ewes to study the changes in 131I 7S γ‐globulin content of mammary lymph and of whey during the course of experimentally induced staphylococcal mastitis. In 4 of the ewes the efferent lymphatic duct draining one side of the udder was cannulated prior to an intravenous injection of 131I 7S γ‐globulin. The specific activities of the globulin in plasma and in lymph were followed until they had become equal at approximately 30–40 hr. after injection. The side in which the lymphatic duct had been cannulated was then infected by infusing virulent staphylococci into the teat cistern. In the other 5 ewes, the radioactivity in whey and plasma was followed for 20–47 hr. after the injection, and then one side of the udder was infected. There was a 3–4‐fold increase in the lymph flow, and an almost 2‐fold increase in the concentration of radioactivity in lymph 6–12 hr. after infection, which indicated a greater capillary permeability during mastitis. The increases in lymph flow and radioactivity in lymph were greater and persisted for longer periods in the more severe cases of mastitis. The molecular site and electrophoretic mobility of the radioactivity bound to protein, in whey samples collected from both normal and infected sides, were found to be similar to those for 7S γ‐globulin of serum. The concentration of radioactivity bound to protein in whey increased slowly after infection, and did not reach peak levels until at least 24 hr. later. Since the milk production decreased as the concentration of radioactivity increased, there was little change in the total amount of radioactivity bound to protein in whey secreted after infection. The results have been discussed in relation to the mechanism of transfer of γ‐globulin from plasma into milk before and during mastitis.
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