The aerial parts of T. gallica collected from three different locations (arid, humid and semi-arid) were extracted using ethyl acetate. The crude extracts were subjected to phenolic appraisal and antiproliferative activity using ELISA and xCELLigence assays. The total phenolic and flavonoids were evaluated using appropriate techniques to give a yield of total phenolics ranging between 238.46 and 348.56 mg GAE (Gallic acid equivalent)/g dry weight extract. The flavonoids yield was found to vary from 36.6 to 103.14 mg QE (quercetin equivalent)/g dry weight extract. Moreover, the extracts were tested against rat brain tumor (C6) and human cervix carcinoma (HeLa) cell lines and displayed important differences in activity. These disparities highlighted the effect of climatic factors as quality determinants of secondary metabolites and therefore as a key control of the biological therapeutic effect.
The present work was aimed to evaluate the effect of the climatic factors on quality and quantity of essential oils and phenolic compounds of the aerial parts of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiales Lamiaceae) collected from three different geographic origins in Algeria (humid, semi arid, and arid). Gas-Chromatography/Mass-Spectroscopy analysis of essential oils revealed important disparities, both quantitatively and qualitatively. α-pinene and camphor as major components were found to range from 16.78 to 40.95% and from 11.24 to 36.72%, respectively. The assessment of total phenolics in water and ethyl acetate extracts of the three samples displayed a content ranging from 58.26 to 114.10 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalent)/g of water extracts and from 73.75 to 167.91 mg GAE/g of ethyl acetate extracts. The flavonoids content was found to vary from 14.63 to 28.86 mg QE (quercetin equivalent)/g of water extracts and from 66.2 to 93.1 mg QE/g of ethyl acetate extracts. Moreover, the HPLC analysis of phenolics revealed the presence of many compounds amongst which Hesperidin and Rosmarinic acid have relatively high contents in both extracts and in the three sites.
The aerial parts of Tamarix gallica L. taken from three different climatic stages in Algeria (Oum El Bouaghi: Semi-arid, ElTaref: Humid, and Ouargla: Arid) were extracted using boiling distilled water. The crude extracts were subjected to total phenolics and flavonoids quantifications in addition to anti-proliferative assessment against two tumor cell lines namely rat brain tumor (C6) and human cervix carcinoma (HeLa) using BrdU (bromo-deoxyuridine) ELISA(Enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay) and xCELLigence assay. The total phenolics yield was found to range between 16.14 and 39.32 mg GAE (Gallic acid equivalent)/g of extract and a flavonoids yield ranging between 16.51 and 20.35 mg QE(quercetin equivalent)/g of extract. The various phenolics were identified using HPLC-TOF/MS to highlight hesperidin and rosmarinic Acid as major components. Moreover, the extracts exhibited different levels of antitumor potency against C6 and HeLa cell lines depending upon the climatic stage and the concentration. A good cytotoxic effect was recorded with the species collected from the humid region at 250 μg/mL. On the contrary, the other extracts revealed a weak activity for both tests.
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