This study was initiated to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of aqueous and ethanoic extracts of Anthocleista djalonensis and Uvaria chamae, two plants of the African pharmacopoeia used by the peoples of the northern Côte d’Ivoire to treat severe cases of diarrhea. A series of extraction by maceration was carried out. The extracts obtained were assayed by the colorimetric method and their antioxidant activity determined by spectrophotometer using the free radical scavenging (DPPH) and iron reduction (FRAP) methods. Dilution and agar diffusion methods on Mueller Hinton medium were used to determine MICs and inhibition diameters. The assay of the extracts determined the polyphenol content ranging from 6.8 to 21.1 mg. The total phenol content of the ethanol extract of Uvaria chamae was the highest. Evaluation of the free radical scavenging activity and the reducing power of ferric ions to ferrous ions of the extracts of both plants indicated variable IC50 values ranging from 4 to 14 (μg/mL). The lowest value (4 μg/mL) close to that of vitamin C (reference molecule) (3.5 μg/mL) was obtained with the aqueous and ethanoic extracts of Anthocleista djalomensis and Uvaria chamae respectively. Furthermore, all germs were found to be sensitive to the action of the extracts with inhibition diameters greater than 10 mm and MICs greater than 3.12 mg/mL. This sensitivity could be due to the presence of phytochemicals such as total phenols, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins whose antimicrobial activities have already been shown. These investigations justify the traditional use of these plants in the treatment of diarrhea and dysentery.
The production and marketing of C. procera oil is still embryonic in tropical Africa. The general objective of this study is to promote and enhance this oil. The specific objectives were to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters of this vegetable oil. The evaluation of the oil of C. procera according to the AOAC and the AFNOR standards made it possible to find the following results: acidity: between 6.66 ± 0.75 g of oleic acid/100 g of oil and 8, 59 ± 1.03 g oleic acid/100 g oil; iodine value: between 11.75 ± 1.23 g I2/100 g of oil and 15.02 ± 1.54 g I2/100 g of oil; acid index: between 17.79±0.64 mg KOH/g of oil and 22.64± 0.97 mg KOH/g of oil; saponification index: between 179.89 ± 0.77 mg KOH/g oil and 188.90 ± 0.67 mg KOH/g oil; peroxide index: between 0.182 ± 0.023 meq O2/kg of oil and 0.388 ± 0.013 meq O2/kg of oil; refractive index: between 1.464 ± 0.087 nD, 20 °C and 1.468 ± 0.073 nD, 20°C; Insoluble impurities: between 0.12 ± 0.06% and 0.30 ± 0.04%; Density: between 0.928±0.002 g/ml and 0.943±0.033 g/ml; Humidity: between 0.35± 0.02% and 0.54± 0.01%; Unsaponifiable: between 1.05± 0.03% and 2.47± 0.06%. Regarding saturated fatty acids, the highest contents of myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid are respectively 28.40%; 13.59% and 1.51%. Regarding unsaturated fatty acids, the highest contents of oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid are respectively 7.25%; 0.24% and 3.81%. Ultimately, C. procera oil has physicochemical parameters similar to certain vegetable oils. Thus, it could be used in the industrial field.
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