In order to enhance and protect crop yields from different pests, the use of pesticides has increased. In Algeria, most often farmers do not respect the recommended dose of pesticides. The aim of this study is to investigate the dose effect of applying pesticides in field conditions at standard and double doses (agronomic dose, AD; agronomic double dose, ADD) on the morphological and biochemical responses of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.). Our result showed significant effect of pesticide application on the biochemical and antioxidant properties of the plant. Higher contents of phenolic and flavonoid were noticed in plants treated with AD and ADD. The accumulation of malondialdehyde increases lipid peroxidation due to the excessive reactive oxygen species production. The significant increase of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activities were recorded in the final growth stage compared with control. AD increases proline content in the final growth stage, but a decrease for chlorophylls and carotenoids. In addition, the decrease in thiols level was observed for both growth stages. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that treatments with pesticides at higher doses than recommended caused oxidative disturbances in potato plants and lead to an enhanced capacity of antioxidant enzymes.
The sandy soils of the Mostaganem plateau (northwestern Algeria) are characterized by low organic matter concentration and are deemed unsuitable for agricultural cultivation. Organic matter or clay additives are recommended to improve their physicochemical and water properties. Many farmers in the Mostaganem region use a 20 t.ha -1 dose of urban compost made from wastes from a wholesale fruit and vegetable market by the CET technical landfill center in Oran. The goal of this study is to identify the best dose of this compost in an experimental setting on a plot of land in Mazagran's Mostaganem plateau. . For the three treatments of 10, 15, and 20 t.ha -1 of compost and control without amendment, a complete random block device with three repetitions was employed. The following soil quality indicators were tested to compare the impacts of the three compost doses: pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, total nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The study's major findings demonstrate that the greatest outcomes for all soil quality indicators are obtained mostly at the dose of 15 t.ha -1 , with minor exceptions at the level of 10 t.ha -1 .
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