For the evaluation of the local elastoplastic strains and stresses at the notch root suitable approximation formulas of sufficient accuracy are often used. In the present study the “equivalent strain energy density” concept for elastic-plastic notch strain-stress analysis has been developed. It was found that the evaluation of the strain energy density in the notch tip plastic zones does not require any input data other than the material stress-strain relation and the elastic stress concentration factor. The concept was verified on the basis of the results obtained from plane strain elastic-plastic finite element analysis using the material model after Mro´z. Comparison of the two sets of results revealed satisfactory accuracy of the equivalent strain energy concept. It was also shown that all stress and strain components in the notch tip can be calculated by complementing the method with Hencky’s equations. Neuber-based calculations were also included in the study. It was found that the energy concept was superior to Neuber’s rule, especially in the presence of high inelastic strains in the notch tip.
From three different surgical departments 78 patients with purulent peritonitis are analyzed according to cause, origin, and extent of peritonitis. Operative therapy is presented. As additional antibacterial therapy the new chemotherapeutic agent, Taurolin, with antiendotoxin-effect is used. The postoperative course (temperature exceeding 38 degrees C, secondary wound healing, day of discharge, and serious complications) is correlated with pre- and intraoperative parameters; for instance, 1. postoperative fever occurs in one half of the patients, more frequently following perforation of stomach and duodenum; 2. every second patient shows secondary wound healing, this happens even more often in peritonitis arising from biliary disease or appendicitis; 3. in 29.5% of the patients serious complications arise, especially in patients with peritonitis originating in stomach, small intestine or large bowel; 4. overall mortality of 11.5% is surpassed in patients with peritonitis originating from small intestine or large bowel. The so-called peritonitis-index (calculated on the basis of pre- and intraoperative factors) shows a significant difference between survivors and patients dying during the postoperative course. In 80% of the 78 patients with purulent peritonitis taurolin was effective as a substitute for the usual antibiotics.
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