Although Dermatophagoides are the most frequently reported aeroallergens, the most common aeroallergen in this study was pollen, probably owing to geographical and environmental factors, although this was not observed in the analysis by age groups.

Antecedentes: La inmunoterapia específica con alérgenos es una importante modalidad terapéutica para el manejo de la rinitis y asma alérgica. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la inmunoterapia subcutánea con alérgenos en pacientes con alergia respiratoria del Hospital Universitario de Puebla posterior a 12 meses de tratamiento. Métodos: Estudio longitudinal, secuencial, analítico, cuasiexperimental, prolectivo. Durante 12 meses se incluyeron pacientes con asma o rinitis, sensibilizados a aeroalérgenos, de cuatro a 65 años y de ambos sexos; bimensualmente se recolectaron los cuestionarios CARAT y Portnoy para evaluar la eficacia y seguridad, respectivamente. Resultados: Se incluyeron 47 pacientes, 37 (78.7 %) mujeres. La edad promedio fue de 29.8 años. El 76.6 % tuvo diagnóstico de rinitis alérgica y 23.4 % de asma y rinitis alérgica. Al comparar el promedio del CARAT inicial contra el promedio final mediante prueba de t de Student se obtuvo un valor de –8.86 y p < 0.05. Se reportó una frecuencia total de reacciones adversas locales de 19 % y de reacciones adversas sistémicas de 2.1 % a los seis y 12 meses del tratamiento. Conclusiones: El esquema de inmunoterapia evaluado, derivado de la Guía Mexicana de Práctica Clínica de Inmunoterapia 2011, es eficaz con un conveniente perfil de seguridad.

Sensitivity and specifi city of the modifi ed epicutaneous patch test in the diagnosis of respiratory allergy to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinusSensibilidad y especifi cidad de la prueba epicutánea modifi cada en el diagnóstico de alergia respiratoria a Dermatophagoides pteronyssinusAbstract Background: The skin prick test is recognized as the gold standard for the specifi c diagnosis of allergy. Objective: To determine the sensitivity and specifi city of the epicutaneous patch test that has been modifi ed for the diagnosis of respiratory allergy to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Methods: An observational, interpretative, prolective, and transversal study. The included patients were between 6 and 49 years old, with symptoms of a respiratory allergy, and a skin test was performed on them by using the European standardized prick test and a modifi ed epicutaneous patch test with the variable of the scarifi cation that occurred before the antigen was applied, and its homogenization with a wooden applicator, which occurred after the antigen was applied. The levels of sensitivity, specifi city, and prevalence infl uence and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Results: 104 patients were included, of which 72 (69.2%) were women. The age category of the patients was 24 ± 11.3 years of age. 78.9% of the patients were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis, 1.9% were diagnosed with asthma, and 19.2% were diagnosed with both rhinitis and asthma. The prevalence of the respiratory allergy to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus was of 62.5%; 94.23% with a correct diagnosis. The sensitivity and specifi city of the test was of 93.85% and 94.87%; the positive and negative predictive values were of 96.83% and 90.24%, and the positive and negative likelihood ratios were of 18.30 and 0.06. Conclusions: The modifi ed epicutaneous patch test was highly sensitive and specifi c; it decreased the risk of allergen carryover and it lowered the cost of the material that was used. y especifi cidad de la prueba epicutánea modifi cada en el diagnóstico de alergia respiratoria a Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. Rev Alerg Mex. 2019;66(1):38-43

Antecedentes: para el diagnóstico etiológico de las enfermedades alérgicas respiratorias se realizan pruebas cutáneas o determinación de IgE sérica específica.Objetivo: determinar la correlación entre la magnitud de la reactividad a las pruebas cutáneas por punción y las concentraciones de IgE sérica específica para pólenes en pacientes con alergia respiratoria.Pacientes y métodos: estudio prolectivo, descriptivo y transversal efectuado en pacientes de uno y otro sexo, con edades de 2 a 60 años, que acudieron por primera vez al servicio de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica del Hospital Universitario de Puebla con diagnóstico presuntivo de alergia respiratoria. A todos los pacientes se les realizó historia clínica, pruebas cutáneas por punción con extractos alergénicos estandarizados y cuantificación de IgE sérica específica para pólenes por método de quimioluminiscencia. Se estimó el índice de correlación r con el método estadístico coeficiente de correlación producto-momento de Pearson, un valor de r igual o mayor de 0.70 se consideró una relación notable o una correlación elevada.Resultados: se incluyeron 91 pacientes, 58.2% eran mujeres. Los diagnósticos fueron: rinitis alérgica (79.1%), asma y rinitis (16.5%) y únicamente asma (4.4%). Sólo se encontró una correlación significativa en pacientes con rinitis alérgica para Rumex crispus (r = 0.702) y en pacientes con asma y rinitis para Ambrosia trifida (r = 1).Conclusión: sólo para Rumex crispus y Ambrosia trifida, las pruebas epicutáneas o la determinación de las concentraciones de IgE sérica específica son métodos equiparables en el diagnóstico etiológico de la enfermedad alérgica respiratoria.

Background: Food allergy is deemed to have a worldwide prevalence ranging from 2 to 10 %. Objective: To determine the frequency of skin reactivity to food allergens by age groups. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, prolective, observational study. Patients aged from 2 to 64 years with symptoms consistent with allergic disease were included. Skin prick tests were carried out with food allergens. Frequencies and percentages were estimated. Results: One-hundred and ninety-one patients were included, out of which 63.4% were females. Mean age was 22.5 years; 19.3 % showed positive skin reactivity to at least one food. Distribution by age group was as follows: preschool children 13.5 %, schoolchildren 24.3 %, adolescents 2.7 % and adults 59.5 %. Diagnoses included allergic rhinitis in 84.3 %, asthma in 19.4 %, urticaria in 14.1 % and atopic dermatitis in 8.4 %. Positive skin reactivity frequency distribution in descending order was: soybeans with 5.2 %, peach with 4.7 %, grapes, orange and apple with 3.6 %, nuts with 3.1 %, pineapple, avocado, tomato and tuna with 2.6 %. Conclusion: The frequency of skin reactivity to food allergens was similar to that reported in the national and Latin American literature, but sensitization to each specific allergen varied for each age group.