Objective: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis, which increase with age, are two common diseases with different complications. The risk of fractures due to osteoporosis is 2 to 6 times higher in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Medications used in the treatment of DM in addition to the disease itself are associated with the risk of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. This study was planned to examine the effects of pioglitazone and dapagliflozin, used in the treatment of T2DM, on the development of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Methods: This single-centre comparative study was conducted at Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Polyclinic of a Hospital between April 15, 2019 and April 15, 2020, with a total of 80 postmenopausal female patients with a diagnosis of T2DM and 20 in the control group, aged between 50 and 70. The participants were evaluated under four groups: “Control” without diabetes mellitus (n=20), “Pioglitazone” using (n=30), “Dapagliflozin” using (n=30), and “Other Oral Antidiabetic” using (n=20). Results: The mean age of the participants was 61.32±6.27 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the hip and waist T-score values of participants with T2DM in the study (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in waist and hip t-score values between the intervention groups. Pioglitazone and dapagliflozin used in postmenopausal T2DM patients were determined not to make a significant difference in waist and hip bone mineral density values. Conclusion: Our study revealed that pioglitazone and dapagliflozin can be used in postmenopausal T2DM individuals without known osteoporosis and other osteoporosis risk factors. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7580 How to cite this: Son O. Comparison of the effect of Dapagliflozin and Pioglitazone on the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with Type-2 diabetes. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7580 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Objectives/Background: The aim of this study was to investigate nutritional habits, biochemical markers and the allele and genotype frequencies of GCK rs4607517 -30G>A polymorphism of patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).Methods: The study was conducted with 200 T2DM patients and 100 controls. The analysis of GCK Gene rs4607517 -30G>A polymorphism was performed by Real-Time PCR method. The Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition was applied to the intervention group. Additionally, the sociodemographic data of the patients were collected, anthropometric measurements were performed and their biochemical markers were examined.Results: The mean duration of diabetes of the patients was 7.94±5.81 years, the mean age 55.88±12.23 years, the mean BMI 30.14±5.91 kg/m2, and the mean HbA1c value was 7.74±1.97. There was no difference between allele and genotype frequencies of two groups (p>0.05). The anthropometric and biochemical values of the patients with different genotype was similar (p>0,05). Furthermore, as the HbA1c values of the patients increased, the Malnutrition score was found to increase, and there was a statistically significant found between the groups (p=0.012). Conclusion: Although there are studies related to the effect of rs4607517 polymorphism in the GCK gene on the development of T2DM, the fact that the frequency of polymorphism of the patient group in our study was similar to the control group makes it necessary for the variant to be screened in larger patient populations. The majority of patients with T2DM were found to have high levels of HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, inadequate level of nutrition knowledge and were obese.
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