Our results suggest that 4D ultrasound assessment of fetal facial expressions may be a useful modality for evaluating fetal brain maturation and development. The decreasing frequency of fetal yawning after 30 weeks of gestation may explain the emergence of distinct states of arousal.
Objectives: A study done in Omdurman Maternity Hospital (OMH) during 2013, to study the effect of corticosteroid administration two days before an elective caesarean section to reduce the respiratory morbidity in infants born. Methodology:It is a randomized control trial study comparing prophylactic antenatal corticosteroids with no treatment given before elective caesarean section C/S.Results: A total of 560 patients of 5421 who underwent elective caesarean section C/S in 2013, were randomly selected, 281 (50.2%) were treated by 12 mg dexamethasone, two doses 12 hours apart, and 279 (49.8%) were in the control group. 26 infants were admitted to nursery there were 8 new-borns from the treatment group, and 18 from control group, with regards to indication of admission; those who had Respiratory distress (RDS) in the control group were 6 (2.2%),and in the treatment group were 2(0.7%), Transient tachypnea of the newborn( TTN) in the control group were 12 (4.3%), in the treatment group were 6(2.2%), (P value 0.00), (RR: 0.6 for TTN & 0.25 for RDS). Stay in special babies care unit (SBCU)<24 hours were 6 (2.2%) in control group and 8 (2.8%) in the treatment group, stay>24 hours were 12 (4.3%) in the control group and zero in the treatment, (P value was 0.026). 3 (1.1%) needed assisted ventilation, one death found in the control group (0.4%). Conclusion:Giving dexamethasone, two before elective C/S had a significant reduction in the respiratory morbidity and decrease hospital study. It has no adverse effect and can be safely used.
Massage therapy can be used in neonatal intensive care units for premature infants <37 weeks of gestation, which increase growth parameters with no harmful effects and help inducing sleep. Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of massage on increasing growth parameters and inducing sleep among premature neonates. Subjects and method: A quasi-experimental research design was used on a purposive sample of 50 LBW premature neonates and their mothers who were admitted to NICU at Sohag University Hospital, Egypt, from August 2019, until January 2020. Premature neonates were randomly assigned into two groups with and without massage. Tools: Tool (I): A structured questionnaire was developed and consisted of two parts: part (1): Demographic characteristics of mothers of premature neonates, part (2): Demographic characteristics of premature neonates, Tool (II): Assessment of growth parameters, and Tool (III): Assessment of sleep behaviors before the intervention, after seven days and after one month of discharge. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the mean of weight, length, and head circumference in the two groups before massage intervention. The majority of premature neonates in the intervention group had increased their growth parameters after seven days from the application of massage and after one month of discharge compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: massage was an effective and safe non-medical intervention used in improving growth parameters and sleeps behaviors and help premature neonates fall asleep faster after the massage than without massage. Recommendations: Massage should be involved in routine care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), as standard care for premature neonates, health educational programs about massage and its effect should be taught to health care professional, especially pediatric nurses.
Background: Mobile-based nursing intervention is a trial to enable children to be safe during the COVID-19 epidemic especially those children with chronic kidney disease and who have no immunity. Now days using mobile becomes a part of universal technology for improving the care of children with such conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mobile-based nursing intervention on preventive measures of COVID-19 among children suffering from chronic kidney diseases. Design: A quasi-experimental design was adopted. Sample: A purposive sample including 70 children suffering from chronic kidney diseases with predetermined criteria (receive regular kidney dialysis, have no history of previous COVID-19 or previous kidney disease complications and well-being mental health) setting: The study was conducted at the Pediatric Kidney Dialysis Unit at Sohag University Hospital. Tools for data collection: A structured questionnaire was used to collect data concerning characteristics of the studied children (pre/posttest questionnaire) as well as to assess the level of child knowledge regarding mobile intervention, preventive measures of COVID-19 and dialysis therapy, a checklist to assess reported practice as regards preventive measure of COVID-19. And Mobile-based nursing intervention which had been designed by the researchers. Results: There was a statistically significant difference towards using mobile-based nursing intervention in the area of children's knowledge and practice about COVID-19 preventive measures at post-intervention compared to pre-intervention. Conclusion: Mobile-based nursing intervention had a positive effect on improving preventive measures of COVID-19 among children suffering from chronic kidney diseases. Recommendations: apply mobile-based intervention in other pediatric kidney dialysis units and hospitals to achieve a better preventive measure of COVID-19 among children with chronic disease.
Article informationBackground: Flexible Flat Foot [FFF] in children is a frequent abnormality. Although its benign nature, sometimes a significant pain and discomfort is sufficient enough to consider surgery for alleviating symptoms. Subtalar arthroereisis is becoming more popular as a treatment for FFF symptoms. Aim of the work:To assess the feasibility of subtalar joint screw arthroereisis procedure in the treatment of FFF in children and assess its related outcomes. Patients and methods: This prospective interventional study, where a total of 10 patients [20 feet] presented with bilateral flexible flatfeet were enrolled in our study. Patients were treated with Subtalar joint Screw Arthroereisis. The American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society [AOFAS] score was employed to assess preoperative status and postoperative healing of ankle and hindfoot function. The three main components are pain, function, and alignment. Results: The mean preoperative AOFAS score was 52.5 ± 13.5 [range, 23 -75]. At 3-month and 6-month follow-up, the average AOFAS score was 85 ± 11.3 [range, 65 -95], and 87 ± 7.8 [range, 70 -96], respectively. Fourteen [70%] feet had good functional scores, and six [30%] feet had excellent scores. Conclusion: Subtalar joint screw arthroereisis technique was safe and effective in the treatment of flexible flatfoot in children. It was minimally invasive procedure associated with low operative time, good clinical and radiologic outcome and low complication rate.
Purpose: Assessment of perpapillary and macular vessels density estimated with OCT-Angiography in glaucoma patients and effect of intra ocular pressure reduction on them in 0, 1, 3, 6 months. Patients and methods: This is a prospective observational study that included 40 eyes of 35 patients with glaucoma (open, closed angles) at Sohag Investigation Center from April 2018 to April 2021. The study population underwent 4.5×4.5 MM scans centered on the optic nerve head & 3×3 MM scans centered on the macula using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) (RTVue XR Avanti Optovue, Fremont, CA) for measuring the perpapillary vascular density, RNFL thickness, GCL thickness and macular vascular density in glaucomatous eyes before and after treatment by 1, 3 months and 6 months. Results: Mean age of the study population was 42.6 years with SD 12.29 years and range from 30 to 63 years. There was a significant reduction of IOP from (30.075 ± 8.3939 mmHg) at baseline to maximum reduction at 6 months (17.175 ± 3.257 mmHg, P = <0.001). There was a non-significant increase in thickness peripapillary RNFL & GCL from baseline to 6 months following IOP reduction (P = 0.479, 0.234 respectively). There was a slight significant increase in thickness of the superior, inferior, temporal, nasal peripapillary vascular density (more significant in superior and nasal quadrants) & laminal vascular density (VD ID) from baseline to 6 months post treatment (P
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