Background: Rabies is one of the neglected tropical zoonotic diseases caused by a virus. It belongs to the Rhabdoviridae [1]. It is a disease that is commonly found in animals but can easily effect human [2]. Where there are animal reservoirs, rabies is commonly spread. The general objective of this study to evaluate differences in knowledge, attitude and perception about rabies, among the residence in Ga East. Methods: A cross-sectional study was used in this study using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by interviewing study participants using OKD Collection and also STATA version14.2 was used for data analysis Results: A total of 475 respondents were involved in the study with 354 (74.53%) males and 121(25.47%) as females. Of this, majority of the participants (93.47%) own a dog against 6.53% who did not own a dog. Dog is own in the community basically for security purposes (77.25%). Few own dog for leisure. The study document less than 50% of the respondents [186 (39.16%)] resort to local drug stores drug store for first aid following a dog bit. Seeking veterinary attention (12.84%) and properly clearing of wound (8.84%) was not a common practice. Participants were of the opinion that tetanus vaccination should be done first (29.05%). Most of the participants have heard about rabies (96.42%) and showed various degree of knowledge on source of rabies, common animals associated with rabies, symptoms of rabies. Among some other practices, any identified rabid dog is killed as indicated by majority of the participants (52.63%). Most participants (71.58%) knew that rabies vaccination serves as preventive measures against rabies and further perceived all dogs must be vaccinated (38.32%). Of the total respondents, most (63.74%) never sent their dog for routine medical check-up nor vaccinated their dogs (70.95%). Conclusion: The study revered that dog owners do not provide adequate care for their dogs. In addition to low coverage of dog vaccination and human anti rabies vaccination in the community which poses a greater threat to the lives community, the potential for increased spread of the diseases is high due to inadequate level of knowledge, poor perceptions, and attitudes towards rabies.
Background: The neonatal period is the transitional time from intrauterine to independent existence. Deaths within this period can be further categorized as early neonatal deaths between 0 and 7 completed days of birth. Moreover, late neonatal deaths; are deaths after seven days to 28 completed days of delivery. The Bono Region of Ghana was selected as one of the only eight Regions to benefit from the MEBCI program (Making Every Child Count Initiative). Under the program, all regional districts received staff training, and various stakeholders were contacted for support. This was to reverse the trend of neonatal mortality, which is increasing annually. Identifying the factors that drive this unusual shift will help in targeted intervention. This study, therefore, seeks to establish health service delivery factors influencing neonatal mortality in the region as a lesson learned for the country. Method: The study used a mixed-method approach involving quantitative and qualitative studies. The quantitative study administered structured questionnaires to 187 health workers. The data were analyzed using STATA 14.0. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to establish human Resource information factors influencing neonatal mortality. Also, Chi-square analyses were performed to establish an association between referral protocols, partograph protocols and neonatal mortality. The qualitative data were obtained using a semi-structured interview guide from 16 in-charges and unit heads of newborn intensive care units in the various hospitals. The data were analyzed thematically, facilitated by manual analysis. Results: The human resource factors such as participants' district were more likely to influence neonatal mortalities in the Sunyani Municipal (AOR= 2.719, 95% CI = 0.373 – 19.845) and Berekum Municipal (AOR= 0.132, 95% CI = 0.022 – 0.782). Majority of the respondents adhered to the GHS referral guidelines, such as the availability of copies of the referral guidelines (84.0%), familiarity with referral policy (71.7%), documentation and keeping of duplicates (85.0%), booking (83.4%), a feedback mechanism (69.5%) and emergency transport system (83.4%). Also, the majority of the respondents adhered to the WHO partograph protocols such as placing guidelines on the desk (86.1%), assessing and recording moulding caput formation (88.8%), recording contraction per 10min and30mins (84.4%), recording the administration of oxytocin (84.0%), recording of drugs given (85.0%), recording of IV fluids given (85.0%), recording the temperature of mothers (87.7%) and recording the pulse of the mother (85.6%). Finally, participants mentioned leadership challenges, inadequate supervision and monitoring activities, challenges with essential resources, and non-involvement of in-charges during management meetings as institutional challenges for neonatal care. Conclusions: Adherence to referral and partograph protocols using MOH/GHS and WHO/GHS guidelines was high, respectively. However, institutional challenges such as leadership style were identified as the primary factor contributing to Neonatal Mortality. Therefore, the Ghana Health Service and its partners should change the current Leadership practices through capacity building with a focus on rural districts.
AbstractsPostnatal period is a very critical stage for both the mothers and their babies. The importance of postnatal care services has been established in various studies globally. Yet postpartum care is the most neglected aspect of women's health care, not only in developing countries but also in some developed countries. In Ghana 23% of postpartum mothers do not receive postnatal at all.This study seeks to explore contributory factors associated with low postnatal service utilization in Ga East District of Greater Accra Region (GAR).The study design was a cross sectional explorative and qualitative research using focus group discussions. The target population for the study were women in the reproductive age and living in the Municipality. The study used five focus group discussions to determine factors contributing to low postnatal coverage in Ga East Municipality.A purposive sampling was employed to carry out to recruit the participants. The researcher moderated all discussions assisted by one trained assistants. The taped discussions were transcribed and the resulting texts analyzed by using thematic analysis.The findings of the study will be communicated to both the School of Public Health and the Ghana Health Service.
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