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Haptic devices have the capability to offer good solutions in terms of usability and accuracy related to touch feedback on immersive virtual environments (IVEs). However, there are very few affordable devices to perform natural interaction in a 3D space and some do not represent a suited solution for the common ergonomic and stimuli-meaningfulness issues. In this article, we present a wireless haptic ring (HapRing) for spatial interaction, providing vibro-tactile signals as well as vibration cues on a fingerbasis using a haptic actuator. Other features include inertial measurement, digital input and support for IR camera-based tracking.

Virtual reality technology and immersive virtual environments often support realistic hand representations via hand-posture-sensing controllers or hand tracking for natural hand-based interaction. However, one limiting factor remains as the lack of realistic haptic feedback including tactile and proprioceptive cues; even for simple haptic interactions like touching a virtual object. This paper introduces the Holitouch technique to improve the haptic realism of essential 3D user interface elements such as buttons. Holitouch is a feedback technique based on a wearable device that combines different types of haptic feedback (i.e., 1) pseudo-haptic, 2) tactile, and 3) proprioceptive) to convey the holistic sensation of stiffness, contact, and activation while interacting with 3D buttons. Our approach provides these sensations by utilizing redundant multisensory cues, i.e., congruent feedback, to create plausible illusions of touch. The results of two experiments show that the proposed feedback combination contributes to delivering a holistic sensation when interacting with buttons in VR while having high user acceptance.

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