This paper investigates the applicability of shortcircuit ratio (SCR) as a system strength indicator in power systems with a high penetration of voltage source converters (VSCs). In power systems dominated by synchronous generators, the SCR has been widely used to estimate the system strength by using short-circuit level information obtained at the relevant bus. However, the emerging converter technology such as VSCs has different short-circuit characteristics from synchronous generators, in the sense that the short-circuit currents are typically lower in magnitude and more controllable. Moreover, SCR calculations are based on the static analysis of the power system, neglecting the dynamic and control aspects of VSCs. These aspects raise the question whether the SCR can still be used to evaluate system strength of converter-dominated systems. To this end, in this paper, the fundamental definition of the SCR is revisited, and factors influencing its applicability in converter-dominated power systems are listed. A case study is provided to demonstrate the limitation of the SCR in converter-dominated systems, and the impact of the control strategy on the dynamic performance of the system is also discussed.
The H2020 project FlexPlan considers the development and validation of an innovative grid planning tool. In this paper, we present the methodology used in the simulation toolchain and preliminary results for optimal power flow simulation performed in four different regional cases covering most parts of Europe. An energy scenario, created in the scope of the project, for 2030 is used and results obtained illustrate both the tool capability to run complex simulations and the need for grid reinforcements. Obtained OPF results will be further used in the project to identify grid expansion candidates and solve the grid expansion problem.
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