Highlights-Efficient Cu-Ni catalysts supported on activated carbon for the water gas shift reaction.-Supressed methanation activity due to the presence of Cu.-Cu-Ni alloy as a key factor of the catalytic design.-Good stability and tolerance towards start/stop situations.
AbstractThe water-gas shift (WGS) reaction over structured Cu, Ni, and bimetallic Cu-Ni supported on active carbon (AC) catalysts was investigated. The structured catalysts were prepared in pellets form and applied in the medium range WGS reaction. A good activity in the 180-350 °C temperature range was registered being the bimetallic Cu-Ni:2-1/AC catalyst the best catalyst.
Page 2 of 38A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p tThe presence of Cu mitigates the methanation activity of Ni favoring the shift process. In addition the active carbon gasification reaction was not observed for the Cu-containing catalyst converting the active carbon in a very convenient support for the WGS reaction. The stability of the bimetallic Cu-Ni:2-1/AC catalyst under continuous operation conditions, as well as its tolerance towards start/stop cycles was also evaluated.
To overcome the low equilibrium conversion in the direct synthesis of diethyl carbonate from ethanol and CO 2 under moderate reaction conditions, the reaction was conducted in a membrane reactor packed with pelletized Cu-Ni:3-1 supported on activated carbon. A SiO 2 /g-Al 2 O 3 commercial membrane and zeolite A membranes synthesized on commercial Al 2 O 3 supports were evaluated in the membrane reactor. Although characterization of the membranes by X-ray diffraction confirmed the presence of a zeolite A layer on the supports, gas permeation and permselectivity tests of ethanol and water evidenced some defects of the synthesized membranes. An increase in conversion with respect to a conventional packed-bed reactor was observed in the membrane reactors prepared on Al 2 O 3 , but equilibrium conversion was not attained. However, with the commercial membrane, the ethanol conversion was higher than the equilibrium conversion.
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