Effect of Acidity, Basicity and ZrO2 Phases of Cu–Ni/ZrO2 Catalysts on the Direct Synthesis of Diethyl Carbonate from CO2 and Ethanol

Arbeláez, Oscar; Orrego, Andrés; Bustamante, Felipe; Villa, Aída Luz

doi:10.1007/s10562-016-1699-4

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…For the synthesis of DMC from CH3OH and CO2, many catalysts have been developed. Among the reported heterogeneous catalysts such as ZrO2 [8][9][10], CeO2 [11,12], CexZr1-xO2 [13], FexZr1-xOy [14], ZrO2/SBA-15 [15], Al2O3/CeO2 [16], CexZr1-xO2/grapheme [17], [EMIM]Br/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 [18], and Cu-Ni/ZrO2 [19]. Zr-based metal oxide catalysts have attracted much attention owing to their excellent stability as well as high selectivity towards DMC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-organic frameworks MOF-808-X as highly efficient catalysts for direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and methanol

宣铿

蒲彦锋

李枫

et al. 2019

Chinese Journal of Catalysis

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal-organic frameworks MOF-808-X as highly efficient catalysts for direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and methanol

宣铿

蒲彦锋

李枫

et al. 2019

Chinese Journal of Catalysis

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“…However, this route is most green as it involves direct utilization of CO 2 . It has been observed that a combination of acidic‐basic sites on a catalyst are important for selective synthesis of dialkyl carbonate as it involves adsorption of CO 2 and activation of alcohol . The co‐production of water also needs to be dehydrated which increased yield by 9 fold .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of diethyl carbonate from ethanol through different routes: A thermodynamic and comparative analysis

Shukla

Srivastava

2017

Can J Chem Eng

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In this study, thermodynamic analysis of various possible synthesis routes of diethyl carbonates (DEC), a benign organic carbonate, was carried out and a comparative analysis was performed. Chemical equilibrium constants at standard conditions were calculated using Gibbs free energy of the system. The Benson group contribution method was used to estimate standard heat of formation and standard entropy change of some raw materials/components like dimethyl carbonate. Variation of heat capacity (C p ) with temperature was estimated for different components from the Rozicka-Domalski model. Variation of chemical equilibrium constants with temperature and pressure was studied for various routes. Synthesis of DEC from ethylene carbonate (EC) was also found to be better considering equilibrium constants at room temperature. The CO 2 route was found to be the most unfavourable route for DEC synthesis due to stability of CO 2 molecules. Moreover, DEC synthesis through the urea route was found to be best at high temperatures since the equilibrium constants were found to increase exponentially. Experiments were conducted for DEC synthesis using the EC route at two temperatures. Activity coefficients were calculated using the UNIFAC model. Experimentally and theoretically determined chemical equilibrium constant values were found to be similar. PRO/II was also used to minimize Gibbs free energy of the system and estimate the equilibrium constants and the results were comparable with those obtained by the equilibrium constant method and the trend was found to be the same for both the methods.

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“…Diethyl carbonate can be produced via the conventional phosgene-based route (Muskat and Strain 1945), oxidative carbonylation of ethanol (Dunn et al 2003;Ma et al 2003), reaction of ethanol with urea (Wang et al 2007), transesterification of organic carbonates (Murugan and Bajaj 2011), decarbonylation of diethyl oxalate (Hao et al 2009), use of supercritical CO 2 and K 2 CO 3 catalyst (Gasc et al 2009), use of epoxides (Anggerta et al 2019;Wang et al 2014Wang et al , 2017a and from the direct reaction of CO 2 with ethanol (Arbeláez et al 2012(Arbeláez et al , 2016Leino et al 2011Leino et al , 2018Prymak et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the direct route, Zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) has been reported as a catalyst support for DEC production (Prymak et al 2015;Zhang et al 2014) and for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from methanol and CO 2 , which is a similar reaction (Tomishige and Kunimori 2002;Tomishige et al 2000). For the synthesis of DMC, both acid and basic sites on the catalyst surface play a major role (Tomishige and Kunimori 2002) and the synthesis of DEC was confirmed to behave similarly (Arbeláez et al 2016). Zirconium oxide has both weak acid and basic sites (Tomishige et al 2000), and the acid and basic characteristics of ZrO 2 solids can be easily manipulated by incorporating an external component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of diethyl carbonate from ethanol and CO2 over ZrO2 catalysts

Denardin

Valença

2020

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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Diethyl carbonate (DEC) is a versatile chemical with several commercial uses. The synthesis of DEC from carbon dioxide and ethanol is both environmentally friendly and can be integrated into the ethanol biorefinery. A thermodynamic evaluation was made to predict the amount of DEC produced at equilibrium at the reaction conditions used in this work. Zirconium oxide solids were prepared using sol-gel methodology and were loaded with Na, Mg or PO 4 −3 using the incipient wetness impregnation method. Catalytic tests were carried out in a 500 mL stainless steel Parr reactor at 423 K. The DEC yield decreased as the Na or Mg load increased, while increasing the yield of acetaldehyde. However, DEC yield and selectivity increased as the PO 4 −3 load increased, while the acetaldehyde yield decreased. Lower overall acid site density and lower than 2.8 µmol-CO 2 /m 2 basic site density resulted in a higher DEC yield. Keywords Ethanol • CO 2 • Diethyl carbonate • Zirconia List of symbols C p Specific heat (kJ mol −1 K −1) ∆ r C p Specific heat of the reaction (kJ mol −1 K −1) D BJH BJH desorption diameter (nm) ∆G o f,i Gibbs free energy of formation (kJ mol −1) ∆ r G o 298 Reaction Gibbs free energy at 298 K (kJ mol −1) ∆ r G o T Reaction Gibbs free energy at temperature T (kJ mol −1) ∆H o f,i Standard formation enthalpy (kJ mol −1) ∆ r H o 298 Reaction enthalpy at 298 K (kJ mol −1) ∆ r H o T Reaction enthalpy at temperature T (kJ mol −1) v i Stoichiometric coefficients K eq Reaction equilibrium constant (cm 3 mol −1) p v Pore volume (cm 3 g −1) R Universal gas constant (kJ mol −1 K −1) [EtOH] 0 Ethanol concentration in the liquid phase (mol L −1) S BET B.E.T. surface area (m 2 g −1) V l liquid Molar volume (cm 3) V g gas Molar volume (cm 3) V t Total pore volume (cm 3) Greek letters λ X-ray wavelength (nm) 2θ Incidence peak angle in XRD (o)

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Effect of Acidity, Basicity and ZrO2 Phases of Cu–Ni/ZrO2 Catalysts on the Direct Synthesis of Diethyl Carbonate from CO2 and Ethanol

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Metal-organic frameworks MOF-808-X as highly efficient catalysts for direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and methanol

Metal-organic frameworks MOF-808-X as highly efficient catalysts for direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and methanol

Synthesis of diethyl carbonate from ethanol through different routes: A thermodynamic and comparative analysis

Synthesis of diethyl carbonate from ethanol and CO2 over ZrO2 catalysts

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