This paper describes technology required for advanced intelligent voltage and reactive secondary control systems enabling co-ordination of voltage control between main and local power systems. Firstly, the paper comments on the inadequate behavior of voltage and reactive power control systems, such as up-and-down fluctuations, which sometimes occur during offpeak load times, and explains the reasons for voltage fluctuations. It then explains that the true nature of the EMS of power system control is based on an autonomous distributed control system. Based on such recognition, the paper proposes the concept of advanced EMS systems for co-ordination of voltage and reactive power control. As background, the paper briefly describes two previously developed intelligent component functions, namely, flexible fuzzy zones and feed foreword control to prevent voltage fluctuation, and on-line acquisition of voltage characteristics by neural network technology. The paper describes local demand forecasting one hour in advance by the NN method. This method is also applicable to the forecast of the total demand of a power system.Index Terms---Voltage and reactive power control, coordination of main and local power system control, intelligent control systems, fuzzy expert, neural network, control of power systems
This paper describes technology required for advanced intelligent voltage and reactive secondary control systems enabling coordination of voltage control between main and local power systems. Firstly, the paper describes the general structure of a power system control and the concept of a proposed autonomous voltage and reactive power control system. Then, the paper comments on the inadequate behavior of voltage and reactive power control systems, such as up-and-down fluctuations, which sometimes occur during off-peak load times, and explains the reasons for voltage fluctuations. The capacity of distributed generation is increasing in accordance with deregulation of electric supply. In order to enhance voltage stability of power system, the voltage control system requires the more detail information and data of its local network systems, such as local demand forecast, distributed generation and characteristics of power systems. The paper briefly describes two previously developed intelligent component functions, namely, flexible feed forward control to prevent voltage fluctuation, and on-line acquisition of voltage characteristics by neural network technology. The paper describes local demand forecasting one or two hours in advance by the NN method. This method is also applicable to the forecast of the total demand of a power system.
SUMMARYThe paper describes required technological innovation for voltage control of power systems under deregulation of power supply industries and presents a new concept of an autonomous control system for the voltage and reactive power of power systems. Installation of distributed generation connected to distribution networks will significantly increase the short circuit capacity of distribution lines. Therefore, GIS underground substations in the center of a large city are required to enable replacement of circuit breakers with ones of greater capability and to reform GIS bus configurations. Furthermore, a more detailed forecast of local demand and operation data of distributed generators are required for the stable control of voltage and reactive power. This paper presents methods of on-line autonomous forecasting for short circuit capacity and demand of local transmission and distribution lines, which are indispensable for voltage and reactive control under deregulation of electric power supply industries. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 159(4): 27-37, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www. interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20450 Key words: voltage and reactive power control; deregulation of power supply; coordination of power systems control; forecast of local demand and distributed generation; intelligent control system; neural network method.
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