Labour disputes have become regular occurrences in Nigeria and the right to trade unionism has been constantly abused. Such unionism abuses and disputes often results in low productivity, which in turn affects the demand and supply chain of the economy. The laws in the country are always not abided by, so rather than bargaining, unions embark on strike as first resort, thereby constantly disrupting industrial harmony and academic activities in Nigerian Universities. The objective of this study is to make a comparative assessment of both Nigerian Private and Governments owned Universities and determine whether there is any relationship between non trade unionism and industrial peace, academic performance and productivity in these institutions. The study is a descriptive research designed in line with empiricism case study, and secondary data were mainly applied and were analysed by content analysis. The findings of the study revealed that There is a significant relationship between non trade unionism and industrial peace, academic performances, productivity and development of Nigerian Private Universities unlike the Government owned Universities; and that unionism in Nigerian private universities don't disrupt students academic activities, which enhances student's performance. The study draws its conclusion on the fact that regulated or Non trade unionism will always result to industrial peace which is necessary for high academic performance and productivity in Nigerian Universities, and therefore recommends that even though the right of association is a fundamental one, private universities in Nigeria should continue to recognize staff associations but such associations should be regulated and should not be allowed to join the national unions to avoid incessant strike actions; also Labour management dispute committees should be established in all Nigerian universities to handle all union matters internally to further increase productivity.
Brand equity is an intangible value that accrues to a company as a result of its successful efforts to establish a strong brand. Customer satisfaction and brand equity are such relevant aspects of marketing's contribution to the firm's profitability. This is because these assets assist the marketing manager to study the markets and they give the firm an idea of how profits are generated, which ultimately lead to the firm's growth. This study has the objective of assessing Brand equity and customer satisfaction as tools for profit optimization in Nigeria with emphasis on two major Bottling Companies. The study is a survey research, both primary and secondary sources of data were applied, and formulated hypotheses tested using Kendal coefficient of concordance. The findings of the study revealed that there is a relationship between brand equity and customer satisfaction and Nigerian companies' performances, the companies promotional activities have effect on customer's level of product satisfaction, and their marketing activities directly optimize profitability. The study therefore recommended that Companies in Nigeria should improve their brand slogan, if possible translate it to local Nigerian languages, and should supplement their traditional advertising and promotion with among other things brand contacts, such as entertainment based retail destination to capture the impulse of youths who are larger in population in order to increase consumption, and optimize profit, also should constantly embark on Brand inventory, as brand inventory helps to suggest what consumers current perceptions may be based on.
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