Simple hybrid silica-imidazolium based ILs as highly active and selective catalysts for the carbonation of epoxides in batch and continuous flow systems under mild reaction conditions.
A catalytic system based on complexes comprising abundant and cheap manganese together with readily available aminotriazole ligands is reported. The new Mn(I) complexes are catalytically competent in transfer hydrogenation of ketones with 2‐propanol as hydrogen source. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions at 80 °C for 20 h with 3 % of catalyst loading using either KOtBu or NaOH as base. Good to excellent yields were obtained for a wide substrate scope with broad functional group tolerance. The obtained results by varying the substitution pattern of the ligand are consistent with an out‐sphere mechanism for the H‐transfer.
A series of new triazolium-based supported ionic liquids (SILPs), decorated with Cu NPs, were successfully prepared and applied to the N-arylation of aryl halides with anilines.
A series of imino- and amino-pyridine ligands based on dihydrobenzofurobenzofuran (BFBF) and methanodibenzodioxocine (DBDOC) backbones have been synthesized. These ligands form exclusively dinuclear complexes with metals such as iron(II) and copper(II). The structures for complexes 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, and 24 were determined by X-ray crystallography. The complexes show large distances for the metal nuclei and different geometries depending on the nature of the metal. An octahedral geometry was observed for the iron(II) complexes, while copper(II) complex 24 showed a distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry. The iron(II) complexes showed activity as catalysts in the cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides, obtaining moderate yields of cyclic carbonates.
A family of dinuclear iron (II) compounds with iminopyridine-based ligands displays selective cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines. All compounds have IC50 values 2–6 fold lower than that of cisplatin, and 30–90 fold lower than that of carboplatin for the tumor cell lines assayed. Comparing the IC50 values between tumor and non-tumor cell lines, the selectivity indexes range from 3.2 to 34, compound 10, [Fe2(4)2(CH3CN)4](BF4)4, showing the highest selectivity. Those compounds carrying substituents on the iminopyridine ring show the same cytotoxicity as those without substituents. However, the electronic effects of the substituents on position 6 may be important for the cytotoxicity of the complexes, and consequently for their selectivity. All compounds act over DNA, promoting cuts on both strands in the presence of reactive oxygen species. Since compound 10 presented the highest selectivity, its cytotoxic effect was further characterized. It induces apoptosis, affects cell cycle phase distribution in a cell-dependent manner, and its cytotoxic effect is linked to reactive oxygen species generation. In addition, it decreases tumor cell migration, showing potential antimetastatic effects. These properties make compound 10 a good lead antitumor agent among all compounds studied here.
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