Pressure support ventilation via ProSeal™ laryngeal mask airway during general anesthesia improves ventilation in pediatric patients undergoing ambulatory surgery. However, this did not translate to a difference in clinical outcome among our study patients.
Objective: This was a pilot study to determine the utility of daily lung ultrasound (LUS) in patients requiring veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Design: This was a prospective, observational study. Setting: The study took place in the intensive care unit at Royal Papworth Hospital in Cambridge, UK. Participants: We recruited adult patients receiving VV-ECMO for ARDS. Interventions: All patients received a lung computed tomography (CT) scan and LUS on admission. Bedside chest radiography (CXR) and LUS were done on a daily basis until patients were decannulated. Measurements and main results: Daily LUS aeration scores were calculated according to the appearance of four defined patterns. An independent radiologist calculated corresponding scores for CT and CXR, retrospectively. These were checked for correlation with LUS aeration scores. There were statistically significant correlations between LUS versus CT ( r = 0.868, p = 0.002) and LUS versus CXR ( r = 0.498, p = 0.018) with good agreement and no evidence of proportional bias. LUS was able to detect 13.5% of pleural effusions and 54.2% of pneumothorax that were not picked up on CXR. In most of the patients who were weaned off VV-ECMO, a progressive reduction of LUS aeration scores corresponding to lung re-aeration was observed. Conclusions: LUS correlated with findings on CT and CXR for quantifying lung aeration and the clinical presentation of patients. LUS also picked up more pleural effusions and pneumothorax than CXR. Together with traditional imaging techniques, the routine use of LUS should be considered for this patient group.
C a s e R e p o r t e9
I NTRO D U C TIO NComplete congenital heart block (CCHB) is a rare condition with an incidence of 1 in 20,000 live births.(1) Neonates with CCHB often require surgery (and therefore anaesthesia) for the insertion of temporary or permanent electronic pacing wires.As this condition occurs infrequently, the most favourable method of induction and maintenance of anaesthesia is unclear, although several techniques have been used. We herein report the anaesthetic conduct of a low-birth-weight neonate who underwent temporary epicardial pacing wire insertion with good outcome.
CA S E R EPO RTThe mother of our patient was a 24-year-old Malay woman with no prior known medical problem. She had previously undergone a full term pregnancy that culminated in a normal vaginal delivery of a healthy baby three years prior to the current presentation. During this current pregnancy, screening at 23 weeks of gestation demonstrated fetal heart block with an atrial rate of 130-140 bpm and a ventricular rate of 48-51 bpm.The mother was subsequently found to be positive for antiribonucleoprotein, anti-Ro, anti-La and antinuclear antibodies, but negative for anti-ds DNA, anti-Smith, anti-Scl-70 and anti-Jo-1 antibodies. She was diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome, and was started on 8 mg dexamethasone once every morning and 4 mg salbutamol three times a day at 25 weeks of gestation in an attempt to increase the fetal heart rate.However, salbutamol was stopped a week later as the mother Anaesthetic management of a premature low-birthweight neonate with congenital complete heart block for implantation of temporary epicardial pacing wires ABSTRACT The optimal anaesthetic management of neonates with complete congenital heart block (CCHB) is unknown, as there is a low incidence of such cases. Neonates with CCHB often require surgery for the initiation of electronic pacing. In addition to the challenges of anaesthetising a neonate, this procedure is risky due to the potential for hypotension, arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. We herein present the case of a premature low-birth-weight neonate with antibody-related CCHB and normal heart structure who underwent anaesthesia and surgery for epicardial pacing wire insertion on Day 1 of life. We also compare our patient's anaesthetic conduct and outcome with similar previously reported cases.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.