The purpose of this study investigation of the effect of sport training and education on Q angle in young males and females. The Quadriceps Q angles of 240 female and 600 male subject were measured in both supine and standing positions by goniometer. It was used t-tests for statistical analyses. In this study, the average age was found to be 19.16 for women and 21.120 for men. The vast majority of participants are in the 17-22 age range. In this study, was found the mean Q angle of female and male subjects at supine position 15.710 and 13.020. On the other hand Q angle of female and male subjects at standing position were 17.050 and 14.040 respectively. The difference between mean Q angle of female and male subject was statistically significant (p<0.001). Between undergraduate study group and non-undergraduate group wasn't differences Standing Q angle and Supine Q angle statistically significant (p>0.05). Finally, the mean dominant knee Q angle of young females and males seemed to be in normal range. The high value of the knee Q angle of the dominant leg should be considered to be greater than 17 for males and 20 for females. The effect of physical activity on Q-angle should be investigated more extensively. It is thought that sport education has a decreasing effect on Q angle.

The aim of our study is to investigate the dietary habits of amateur and professional football players and their differences.A hundred football players actively playing football during the 2013-2014 football season in 2nd League A Category, 2nd League B Category, 3rd League, 1st Amateur and 2nd Amateur Leagues participated in our study. A questionnaire that consists of 17 personal information and nutritional habits questions was developed based on the literature and was filled out by the players to determine their nutritional habits. There were statistically significant differences between the groups at p<0.01 level across their education level on nutrition issues, number of meals, alcohol and cigarette use, daily fluid intake, pre-game fluid intake, pre-game foods consumed, liquids and food consumed outside of three regular meals, late-time meals, regular supplementary products and last food before games. There were statistically significant differences between the groups at p<0.05 level across information resource on nutrition issues, skipped meals, fluid intake during training, late time meals, attention to expiration dates while shopping.In conclusion, consistent with previous studies in the literature it is found that amateur and professional football players don't have good nutrition information and habits. Clubs, coaches and athletes looking for success on a national and international level should consult and collaborate with a nutritionist. We believe that it will be very useful to train athletes and coaches, with seminars, courses, panels, etc. and to have an expert dietitian in sports clubs, and to emphasize the importance of this issue in written and visual media.

In this study, it is aimed to compare the upper extremities of children who play and do not play basketball. In this study, measurements were taken in the upper extremities of a total of 200 secondary school students playing basketball and non-playing, with a mean age range of 11 ± 1.08 (did play sports)-11 ± 0.8 (did not play sports). The average height and weight ratio of the students who did and did not play sports were 153.

Purpose: Footedness as a predictor of brain hemispheric dominance cause performance differences in movement and sports performance. This study aimed to investigate the 30 m sprint speed difference between unilateral and bilateral foot dominance in 156 male and 37 female athletes.Material Method: It was assumed that all participants exerted maximum effort during 30 m sprint test in the entrance examination for schools of physical education and sports. The participants with right and left foot dominance were accepted as “unilateral footed” while participants kicking the ball with two foot were recognized as “bilateral footed”. For testing differences between two groups Mann Whitney U tests were used.Results: There was only significant difference in the second attempt of 30 meters sprints between unilateral and bilateral footed male participants. Bilateral footed males were 2.81% faster than unilateral footers. Sprint speed difference was 11.97% for first trial and 10.43% for second trial in between unilateral and bilateral footed female participants. However, this difference was statistically insignificant due to lower number of bilateral athletes in our study.Conclusion: Unilateral and bilateral foot dominance can be useful criteria in the selection of talented sprinters and in the planning and monitoring of training.

The aim of this study is to investigate motor performance of children by age and gender. A total of 160 children (80 girls and 80 boys) participated in this study voluntarily. Children were divided into 4 groups according to their gender (girls and boys) and age (11 and 12 years). One Way ANOVA and LSD tests were used. There were statistically significant differences in height and weight in all groups. Sit and reach, sit-up, 30 meter sprint and bent arm hang tests results showed that there were statistically significant differences between girls and boys in all age groups. There was no statistically significant difference in plate tapping test. According to the results of the flamingo balance test, a statistically significant difference was found between the age groups. The standing long jump results from 12 year old boys and 11 year old girls are more than the 11 year old boys and 12 year old girls. Participants anthropometric and motor performance test results were among the normal values. Physical characteristics and motor performance parameters vary by age and gender.

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Öz Spor eğitimi alan bireylerde; vücut imajı algısı, benlik tasarımı ve stres düzeylerinin tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Spor eğitimi alan 150 erkek ve 150 kadın, toplam 300 kişiye stres düzeyi ölçeği, vücut imajı ölçeği ve benlik tasarımı envanteri uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel işlemlerde t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve LSD testi kullanılmıştır. Vücut imajı puanı kadınlarda 69,13 ve erkelerde 73,82 olarak bulunmuştur. Benlik tasarım puanları erkeklerde 98,68 ve kadınlarda 85,85 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Stres puanı spor eğitimi alan erkeklerde 26,09 ve kadınlarda 28,23 puan olarak bulunmuştur. Erkeklerin kadınlara göre Vücut İmajı Ölçeği ve Benlik Tasarım puanlarının daha yüksek Algılanan Stres Ölçeği puanlarının ise daha düşük bulunması anlamlıdır (p<0,05). Spor eğitimi alma iyi bir vücut imajına ve kendini iyi olarak algılamaya katkı sağlayarak bireylerin stres durumlarının düşmesine etki edebilir. Spor eğitimi alanlarda da vücut imajını düzeltici ve benlik tasarımını yükseltici faaliyetlerde bulunarak bireylerin stres düzeyleri azaltılabilir.

Nutritional habits affect performance directly or indirectly in weight class included sports. The aim of this study was to compare the dietary habits of elite female and male weightlifters. After getting official records of athletes from Turkish Weightlifting Federation, a survey was conducted on several factors of the athletes such as weight class, education level, national and international success, income level, weight reduction condition, whether the athlete has knowledge about nutrition, fluid intake, dietary approach before competitions, and type of ergogenic usage. The correlation analyses were completed to determine the relationship between the groups. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the groups. Fischer's exact tests were calculated again to compare the dietary preferences between different groups. Results of this study showed that lower income, weight category, lower age and level of education of male weightlifters negatively affect the performance. Male weightlifters underestimate the importance of fluid intake and they consumed different types of diets. The use of ergogenic products in female weightlifters was differentiated according to their education levels, weight classes and the competition category. Again, the international female weightlifters consumed more ergogenic substance than national level weightlifters. Both male and female weightlifters showed no significant correlations between the performance variables and all other conditions. It can be suggested that the socio-economic status and education level related to sport nutrition in weightlifters should be increased for enhancing of the weightlifting performance.