The article deals with the effect of potassium sulfates on the setting behavior of cement pastes. It has been established that the main elements (Ca, Si, Al) are distributed in the composition of clinker minerals, while K and S atoms are concentrated locally in the pores with the formation of arcanite. It is shown that the interaction of K2SO4 and CaSO42H2O followed by the formation of syngenite K2Ca(SO4)2H2O causes destructive phenomena in cement pastes.
The paper presents the results of research concerning the peculiarities of modern High Performance Concretes based on cementitious systems "Portland cement – active mineral additives – micro fillers – superplasticizers – accelerators of hardening". Physico-chemical regularities of structure formation of super plasticized cementitious systems are established. It is shown that the formation of secondary fine ettringite due to the interaction of active alumina with calcium hydroxide and gypsum in the non-clinker part of the binder because of the effect of "self-reinforcement" compensates for shrinkage and increases the strength of the cementitious system. The modification of the cementitious matrix makes it possible to obtain Rapid Hardening High Performance Concretes that provide early loading and turnover of the formwork of monolithic constructions.
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