TSCE exhibited antioxidant activities by scavenging ROS, attenuating GSH level that could protect human skin fibroblast cells from oxidative stress. Our results highlight the antioxidant mechanism of tamarind seed coat through an antioxidant enzyme system, the extract potentially benefits for health food and cosmeceutical application of tamarind seed coat.
Polysaccharide gel (PG) extracted from fruit-hulls of durian (Durio zibethinus L.) was prepared as a preparation of dressing film. Efficacy of PG film for the treatment of full-thickness excisional wounds was performed in swine. Six youngfemale, cross-bred pigs, weighing 18-20 kg were used. Three full-thickness excisional wounds 2.45 cm in diameter were operated along both sides of dorsal midline area in each pig. Thirty-six wounds were randomly devided into 3 groups of 12 wounds. All wounds in group 1 were applied 1% Lugol's solution and covered with sterile gauze dressing (control). The wounds in group 2 and 3 were treated with PG dressing film (treatment 1) and applied 1% Lugol's solution and covered with PG dressing film (treatment 2), respectively. The wounds were examined for performance of wound healing on day 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 postoperation and each group were retreated with the same procedure. On day 18, skin samples from each wound were taken for histopathological study. The results demonstrated that PG dressing film treated wounds (treatment 1) showed more rapid wound closure, slightly and less tissue reactions than those in the control and the treatment 2 groups. The results suggest that PG dressing film seems to have beneficial property on wound healing in pig skin in this study.
The study set out to examine the actual and desired needs of Thai high school physics teachers in the 2021 academic year from a sample of 44 teachers in Thailand’s northeastern Surin Province. Also, assessment was undertaken concerning each teacher’s ‘order of needs’ from the 41 items presented for evaluation to the teachers. Moreover, there were three main categories in the study’s assessments. These were the teachers’ opinions on the use of 3-dimension virtual learning (3DVL) teaching media in physics for, 1) a mechanics laboratory, 2) an electromagnetism laboratory, 3) and a wave, sound, and light laboratory. The questionnaire was examined by five experts with a confidence value of 0.97. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics including the mean and standard deviation. Moreover, a modified version of the priority needs index (PNIModified) was used to assess the ‘order of needs’ of each teacher in teaching a 3DVL. The results of the study revealed that physics teachers believed that the overall readiness in teaching and learning management of the three groups of physics laboratories were at a moderate level. The teachers also felt that the need for computer-assisted teaching materials and 3DVL science and physics laboratories for high school students was at a high level in all three categories. Concerning each teacher’s ‘order of needs,’ it was determined that the top five teaching needs were for the spectral studies of hot gases (1), followed by teaching parallax (2), the need to teach light interference patterns (3), the polarization of light (4) and then light diffraction and diffraction grating (5).
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