Abstract:We present the results of the studies on biodiversity of Echinodermata (except Holothuroidea) from the Projects "Marine Environmental Evaluation of the Todos os Santos Bay -MAREMBA" (July/August 1996) and "Geoecology of the Benthic Infralitoral Communities of Todos os Santos Bay (BTS), Bahia, Brazil" (1997). A total of 33 species from 15 families were registered and re-described.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivos não somente registrar a ocorrência e a distribuição da associação entre as duas espécies acima citadas para o Nordeste do Brasil , como também a redescrição de M variegata.
MATERIAL E MÉTODOSCinco exemplares de ofiúros associados a poliquetas foram obtidos manualmente, em zona intertidal, revirando-se fragmentos de rochas, durante as coletas para a realização de um inventário dos equinodermos das Praias de Salvador. Os animais coletados foram acondicionados em baldes contendo água do mar e conduzidos ao laboratório.
A new species of free-living marine nematode is described from Itapuã beach, northeast of Brazil. Pomponema veronicae sp. n. differs from other species of Pomponema by having buccal cavity with large pointed dorsal tooth, two subventral teeth and pairs of denticles, gubernaculum with two L-shaped lateral plates and having a membrane at its distal end that connects to L-shaped plate, and presence of a ventral orifice at distal end of L-shaped plates. It also differs from other species in the size of spicules and gubernaculum. The new species is considered most closely related to Parapomponema species because of the L-shaped lateral plates of gubernaculum, but the taxonomic status of Parapomponema was reviewed and Parapomponema and Propomponema are now synonymized with Pomponema. Pomponema cyatholaimoides is considered as a species inquirendum and Pomponema carinatum is accepted as Pomponema loticum. An updated identification key to species of Pomponema is included.
O trabalho apresenta uma análise preliminar da composição biogênica dos sedimentos de fundo do Canal de Salvador, uma das principais vias de acesso à Baía de Todos os Santos. Para caracterizar a composição biogênica e avaliar os grupos de organismos contribuintes à produção dos sedimentos carbonáticos recentes, foram utilizadas amostras de sedimentos de fundo das quais 300 grãos foram identificados nas frações granulométricas maiores que 0,125mm. A ocorrência de biogênicos se mostrou inversamente relacionada com a profundidade e diretamente relacionada com o teor de carbonato. Entre os componentes biogênicos carbonáticos, os que tiveram mais representatividade nos sedimentos de fundo foram os moluscos, com 30,2% de frequência. Além disso, os moluscos são os que mais contribuem ativamente para a formação dos sedimentos carbonáticos atuais do local, pois em quase todas as estações amostradas suas carapaças ocorrem de forma bem preservada.
The ornamental marine trade has increased on a worldwide scale. Although Brazil is amongst the major exporters, data about this activity are underestimated. Therefore, the profile and consequences of such activity to the wild populations are not fully understood. In spite of being basically supported by fish collection, charismatic invertebrates also figure in this trade and virtually nothing is known about the echinoderms harvested in Brazil. Since baseline data are scarce, this study aims to provide an initial assessment on the marine aquarium echinoderm trade in Bahia State, northeastern Brazil, evaluating the landing of these animals during a ten-year period. Echinoderm landing was monitored and the trade profile was investigated from January 1996 to December 2005. The trade involved five economic segments and supplied not only the local market but other Brazilian states and countries such as Argentina. Fifteen species were commercialized and, amongst them, threatened echinoderms included in the National Red List. Fishermen usually captured them by hand but destructive methods were also used. For these reasons, studies on the dynamics of harvested populations and the development of public policies are urgently needed in order to allow the sustainability of this trade.
A new free-living marine nematode of the family Xyalidae is described from Armação Beach, northeastern Brazil, and the genus Pseudosteineria is reviewed. Pseudosteineria longisetis sp. n. is characterized by having six groups of long subcephalic setae, amphids situated slightly anterior to the groups of subcephalic setae or at the level of the first subcephalic setae, long somatic setae located posteriorly to subcephalic setae and distributed along the body, one papiliform precloacal supplement, and gubernaculum with dorso-caudal apophysis. An emended diagnosis of the genus, an updated list of species and dichotomous identification key, and a pictorial key are given. A comparative table including the main characters of all Pseudosteineria species is also provided.
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