Objective: To report a case of broncholithiasis with different types of calculi in the tracheobronchial tree. Clinical Presentation and Intervention: A 50-year-old male who suffered from hemoptysis presented with recurrent broncholith expectoration due to past tuberculous middle lobe syndrome. Bronchoscopic examination revealed loose and embedded broncholiths located at two different bronchi. A surgical resection was suggested, but he refused. Conclusion: The diagnosis of broncholithiasis should be kept in mind in patients who had hemoptysis and calcified mediastinal lymph nodes on thorax computerized tomography, and diagnostic bronchoscopy should be done to prove the relationship of the tracheobronchial tree with a broncholith.
Crossed renal ectopia is a relatively unusual congenital anomaly. Bilateral crossed renal ectopia is considered the rarest form of this anomaly. A 19-year-old girl with intermittent flank pain was admitted to our department. Various clinical and laboratory examinations were carried out. Excretory urography showed a normal upper urinary tract anatomy, whereas the distal ends of the ureters crossed each other in the pelvis, which suggested bilateral crossed renal ectopia.
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