Objectives: For the last three decades, although colorectal cancer incidence has been decreasing in those over 50 years of age, it has been increasing in those under 50 included in the pre-screening group (PSG). The present study aims to explain the screening-related factors and compliance of individuals in PSG who are not included in the colorectal cancer screening programme.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 323 participants, 143 of whom were from the pre-screening group (40-49 years), and 180 from the screening included group (SIG) (50-70 years).Results: Individuals included in PSG were more likely to have accepted that both faecal occult blood test (FOBT) (2.23 ± 1.22 vs. 1.89 ± 1.33, p = 0.018) and colonoscopy (2.37 ± 0.97 vs. 2.02 ± 1.14, p = 0.003) were useful and suitable screening tests in colorectal cancer. Adequate health literacy (OR = 4.3, 95% CI: 1.8-10.0, p = 0.001) and better education level (OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.3-8.4, p = 0.010) were factors of increased knowledge of colorectal cancer screening.Conclusions: The findings show that PSG has different characteristics than SIG and may be more fitting in the colorectal cancer screening programme if included.
Purpose Although colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs are known and recommended for reducing the mortality and morbidity rates from CRC, the adherence rates for the fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy are low among adult individuals. Moreover, CRC screening behaviors of primary health care patients remain largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the predictors of stages of adoption for CRC screening in primary health care patients. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out in primary health care centers with 498 adults between the ages of 50 and 70 years. The data were collected using the “Descriptive Form” and the “Instruments to Measure CRC Screening Benefits and Barriers.” Results The results indicate that colonoscopy was better known compared to FOBT, and information sources of screening tests were mostly relatives and family physicians. Most participants were at the precontemplation stage. Education level, employment status, income level, health status, having a patient diagnosed with CRC in the family, and having information about screening were related to the perception of benefits of having a FOBT and colonoscopy. On the other hand, adherence to colonoscopy, lack of knowledge about screening, and provider recommendation were related to perceived barriers. In addition, perceived benefits and barriers were predictive factors of earlier stages of adoption for FOBT and colonoscopy. Conclusion The results of the study demonstrate that primary care providers have crucial roles for increasing CRC screening in the community. Interventions to improve screening adherence rates should be tailored to individuals in particular stages of adoption for CRC screening.
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