It is now a fact that silver nano-particles (AgNPs) have many commercial applications wherein AgNPs formulations have exhibited potent insecticidal activity. Our previous research findings demonstrated that the biopolymer stabilized AgNPs cause death at the different developmental stages of A. stephensi. This study was undertaken to examine the toxic effects of biopolymer stabilized AgNPs on various antioxidant gene markers to shade light on mechanism behind death of sanguinivorous insects. The systemic effect analyses on biomarker enzymes and at gene level were characterized after exposure to various biopolymer stabilized AgNPs whereby a concentration of 5 ppm was used based on our previous studies. The AgNPs were shown to up-regulate the total protein levels significantly. The activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase were significantly higher statistically whilst glutathione peroxidase was significantly lower which augmented well to the mRNA level expression profiles. The results indicate that the various biopolymer stabilized AgNPs induce up-regulation of the total protein levels as well as oxidative stress related machineries. These findings suggest that formation of reactive oxygen species via detoxification system may play a role in modulating host defense for the observed larval mortality and thus warrants microarray analyses to reveal the pathways involved for AgNPs formulation as the antioxidant gene responses in A. stephensi are highly diversified, in response to biotic and abiotic stressors. Knowledge on this will not only pave way for novel anti-mosquitol agents but as well offer screening methodology to curb A. stephensi management and incorporated for integrated pest management.
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