Our orthotopic lung cancer model closely mimics the pathologic sequence of events that characterizes early-stage human lung cancer propagation. It further introduces new means to monitor tumor-stromal cell interactions and offers unique opportunities to test therapeutic targets under conditions that reflect early-stage lung cancer. We argue that for such purposes our model is superior to lung cancer models that are based either on genetic induction of epithelial transformation or on ectopic transplantation of malignant cells.

Background: Radiofrequency energy thermally induces collagen contraction and remodeling. The resultant dermal tightening is well established. However, facial aging encompasses also deeper layers of collagen-containing tissues. We present a deep layer radiofrequency-based thermo-coagulative technique for cervicofacial contouring and evaluate its efficacy. Methods: This prospective single center study was conducted from June 2017 to June 2018 and included 10 women. Echogenicity and thickness of layers 1–5 of the lower face, lateral neck, and submental regions were sonographically measured at baseline and at 6 weeks postoperatively. Echogenicity analysis was based on the number of high echogenic pixels counted and processed using Matlab-based image application (The Mathworks, Natick, Mass.). Clinical outcome at 12 months postoperatively was evaluated by 2 independent evaluators using a validated 5-point lower face improvement scale and the Merz jawline scale (0–4). Patient satisfaction and adverse effects were recorded. Results: Mean age was 60.2 years (range, 52–76). A statistically significant increase in echogenicity (P ≤ 0.02) and a decrease in thickness (P = 0.01) was noted. Echogenicity increased at 149%, 78%, and 60%, for the lateral neck, lower face, and submental region, respectively. The corresponding decrease in thickness per site was 16%, 6%, and 19%. The average physicians’ improvement in lower face contour was 3.8, and the Merz jawline scale was improved from 2.85 at baseline to 1.05 at 12 months postoperatively. Patient satisfaction was high. Side effects were minimal. Conclusions: Deep layer radiofrequency-based technology thermally induces profound soft tissue tightening and neocollagenesis. It is a safe and effective technique for cervicofacial contouring in selected patients.

In December 2020, the U.S. Food and Drug Association (FDA) approved the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, developed by Pfizer© (Pfizer Inc., New York, NY, USA). In this setting, Israel has become one of the world's leaders, thanks to its rapid vaccination policy and the "top bottom" healthcare structure. 1 Pregnant women are at greater risk for severe complications related to COVID-19 compared to the non-pregnant