Objective:India suffers lot of disparities in terms of oral health care and 95% of the Indian population suffers from periodontal disease. The aim of this review is to estimate the risk factors responsible for periodontal diseases as well as prevalence for the same in the last decade to make an attempt to develop a strategy to improve formulation of an effective oral health care policy in India.Materials and Methods:Keywords such as “prevalence of periodontal diseases,” “epidemiology,” “periodontitis in India,” and “oral hygiene status in India” were searched for appropriate studies to obtain a bibliographic database. The references of selected articles and relevant reviews were searched for any missed publications that included studies conducted in India estimating periodontal diseases with adequate sample size. Clinical parameters, sample size, and findings for each study were tabulated from 2006 to 2015 (till September 15, 2015) in chronological order to observe the prevalence as well as epidemiology of periodontal disease in India.Results:The projection of periodontal disease is disturbing. In addition, the majority of studies done have used the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) as its epidemiological tool that can grossly underestimate the presence of deep pockets.Conclusion:Current knowledge has shown that periodontitis does not present a linear progression and is not age-dependent. Moreover, its distribution and severity are strongly influenced by host susceptibility and risk factors. A structured all-inclusive survey of all districts of the states is a prerequisite for the constitution of an apt and cogent health care policy in our country.

IntroductionKnowledge of blood groups and their association with oral diseases and depression is very important, as it may help in early diagnosis and treatment strategies.MethodA cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among dental students of a private dental college. The study was conducted in two phases, in the first phase the blood samples of each student were collected and sent for blood group examination in laboratory. Data for oral health status was collected by recording oral hygiene, dental caries and questions regarding oral hygiene habits and adverse oral habits. Depression level was recorded using a pre-validated, 21 item close ended questionnaire. Data thus collected was subjected to statistical analysis using chi-square and frequency distribution test using SPSS software.ResultsThe total study subjects were 315, 95 males and 220 females. On applying chi-square test between blood group and Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) score, a highly significant association (p=0.00) was observed. A non-significant association p=0.217 and p=0.668 was observed between gender and DMFT and Oral hygiene index-simplified and Blood group respectively. When comparing blood group and Depression score, a non-significant association (p=0.74) was observed.ConclusionDMFT score varies in different blood groups and this might suggest a positive association between blood groups and DMFT score, while depression, oral hygiene and gender might not be affected by the different blood groups.

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Introduction: Oral health of special children is one of the sensitive issues that have been touched by very few people. An attempt has been made to assess the prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease status in deaf and mute children. Materials and method: A total of 257 deaf and mute children were included from the four special schools in Jaipur city. Dental caries and periodontal disease status was recorded. Data thus collected subjected to statistical analysis using frequency distribution. Results: It was observed that 15.18% and 30.74% children had dental caries in primary and permanent teeth respectively. Community periodontal index (CPI) score revels that majority of the subjects (45.53%) had bleeding on probing, 31.13% and 2.72% had calculus & periodontal pocket 4-5 mm respectively. Conclusion: The results of the study clearly reflect that there is a need for preventive measures to improve the oral health of these children so that we can prevent dental caries and periodontal diseases.

Background: Health care workers form an important component of the health care system of any nation, they should have adequate knowledge about oral health as it directly affect the general health, of the people this study was carried out to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices among primary health care workers in Jaipur. Materials & methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 Primary Health care workers present on the day of the survey. Among 220 samples 130 & 90 health workers were included from Jaipur-I CHMO and Jaipur-II CHMO respectively. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive frequency and chi-square test.Results: A majority of the primary health care workers had moderate oral health knowledge level. Anganwadi workers had the least knowledge followed by ASHA (Accredited social health activist) worker, Auxiliary nursing midwifery (ANM) and GNM (General nursing mid wifery). The majority of study subjects have heard about pyorrhea (84.09%) and tooth decay (84.09%) while nearly half of the study subjects (56.8% and 50.4%) have heard about irregular teeth and oral cancer respectively. Sixty nine point five percent study subjects use toothbrush and toothpaste for cleaning their teeth. More than half of subjects (59.5%) brush their teeth once a day while 36.3% subjects brush twice daily. Conclusion:Oral health training should be given to primary health workers so that they can educate village people and make them aware at the oral health problems.