In this work, a novel self-healing system based on the use of polybenzoxazine precursor (PBP) as a healing additive is presented. PBP (M n = 2300 g/mol, M w /M n = 2.6) is facilely synthesized in a reasonable yield by Mannich type polycondensation of bisphenol A, 1,6-diaminohexane with paraformaldehyde. The additive PBP faintly undergoes a thermal ring-opening reaction when contained in polysulfone (PSU) films. Thermal treatment at 160 °C enables PBP to chemically bind to PSU chains and form networks through the Friedel−Crafts reaction, demonstrating a novel self-healing behavior. The extent of the recovery was studied using a stress−elongation (%) test and found to be 55%. Thermal properties of the polybenzoxazine precursor and the healed sample were investigated.

A versatile initiating system composed of camphorquinone/benzhydrol and Cu II Br 2 /N,N,N ,N ,N -pentamethyldiethyl enetriamine for photoinduced reverse atom transfer radical polymerization has been developed. The control experiments, where each component is eliminated in the reaction, serve as a direct verification of the mechanism. There is poor or no control over the polymerization of methyl methacrylate in the absence of either camphorquinone or benzhydrol. The experimental molecular weights are considerably higher than theoretical values and the obtained polymers show slightly broad molecular weight distributions ranging from 1.13 to 1.51 in the process. Although at relatively lower polymerization rates, the addition of an alkyl halide to the system leads to a better control of the polymerization as reflected by the improved molecular weight distribution and chain-end functionality.

A reusable macroporous polybenzoxazine resin with high specific surface area was prepared as sorbent material for the removal of mercury salts. For this purpose, allyl-functionalized bis-benzoxazine was cured in dimethyl sulfoxide by thermally activated ring-opening polymerization at 180 °C for 3 d followed by a freeze-drying process. The porous structure of the resin was confirmed by SEM analysis and N2 adsorption/desorption studies at 77.3 K. Among various metal ions, namely, Pb(II), Fe(II), Mn(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II), the porous polybenzoxazine resin exhibited a specific sorption behaviour towards Hg(II). Mainly chemisorption and to some extent adsorption mechanisms were proposed for the observed high loading capacity of the resin. As evidenced by FTIR spectral analysis, the chemisorption is attributed to the coordination system formed between free OH and tertiary amino groups in the polybenzoxazine structure and Hg(II) ions. It was also demonstrated that the porous polybenzoxazine can be regenerated simply by treatment with acids. The resin was recycled for up to seven cycles without any significant loss of activity, as proved by sorption and desorption experiments.

Summary In this research, a novel approach involving the use of a fluorescent and ductile polymer for the high capacity Li‐ion battery application is reported. Poly(fluorene phenylene) copolymer as a conjugated polymer containing with lateral substituents, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) units, as a latent building unit for conjugation and electrolyte uptake was prepared and characterized. The synthesis process was carried out via Suzuki coupling reaction with Pd‐based catalyst by using separately obtained PEG functionalized dibromobenzene in combination with dioctylfluorene‐diboronic acid bis(1,3‐propanediol) ester. A flexible and conductive polymer was synthesized and utilized as a binder for high performance Si‐anode. The observed full capacity of cycling of silicon particles, ie, at C/3 with the capacity of 605 mAh/g after 1000th cycle, confirms the good performance without any supplementary conductive additive. The designed and prepared binder polymer with multi‐functionality exhibits better features such as better electronic conductivity, high polarity, good mechanical strength, and adhesion.

A microporous Schiff base network (SNW) polymer containing melamine groups is synthesized as a specific metal template material and employed as a solid support to stabilize copper(I) ions. The Cu(I) ions are incorporated into the SNW structure through coordination with the nitrogen atoms present in the melamine groups. The Cu(I)‐incorporated material shows a highly effective catalytic activity for the copper(I)‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. Several azide and alkyne compounds are used to conduct the click reaction by using a little amount of catalyst and almost quantitative yields are attained. Leaching tests verify the heterogeneity of the catalyst and more importantly, the material shows reusability under the same experimental conditions without any substantial variation in its activity. All results display that the catalyst system is highly competent in view of preparation, stability, selectivity, recovery, and reusability for CuAAC reactions exhibiting potential use in the other copper‐based organic reactions and polymerization processes.

In this study, preparation, as well as investigation of α-glycosidase and cholinesterase (ChE) enzyme inhibition activities of furan-2-ylmethoxy-substituted compounds 1-7, are reported. Peripherally, tetra-substituted copper and manganese phthalocyanines (5 and 6) were synthesized for the first time. The substitution of furan-2-ylmethoxy groups provides remarkable solubility to the complex and redshift of the phthalocyanines Q-band. Besides, the inhibitory effects of these compounds on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and α-glycosidase (α-Gly) enzymes have been investigated. The AChE was inhibited by these compounds (1-7) in low micromolar levels, and K i values were recorded between 11.17 ± 1.03 and 83.28 ± 11.08 µM. Against the BChE, the compounds demonstrated K i values from 7.55 ± 0.98 to 81.35 ± 12.80 µM. Also, these compounds (1-7) effectively inhibited α-glycosidase, with K i values in the range of 744.87 ± 67.33 to 1094.38 ± 88.91 µM. For α-glycosidase, the most effective K i values of phthalocyanines 3 and 6 were with K i values of 744.87 ± 67.33 and 880.36 ± 56.77 µM, respectively. Moreover, the studied metal complexes were docked with target proteins PDB ID: 4PQE, 1P0I, and 3WY1. Pharmacokinetic parameters and secondary chemical interactions that play an active role in interaction were predicted with docking simulation results. Overall, furan-2-ylmethoxysubstituted phthalocyanines can be considered as potential agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's diseases and diabetes mellitus.

The demand for portable electronic devices has increased rapidly during past decade, which has driven a concordant growth in battery production. Since their development as a commercial energy storage solution...

In this work, a visible-light-induced copper(I)-catalyzed azide− alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click reaction via an electron transfer reaction employing fullerene (C 60 ) containing linear polystyrene and network polymer as homogeneous and heterogeneous activators, PS-C 60 and Gel-C 60 , respectively, is described. Various low molar mass organic and polymeric azide and alkyne compounds are used to conduct the click reaction, and almost quantitative yields are attained. Compared to the bare C 60 , the polymers with C 60 units exhibited a much higher promoting effect to catalyze CuAAC reactions. D ue to its excellent photochemical, electrochemical, magnetic, and mechanical properties, Buckminster fullerene (C 60 ) has received intensive research efforts since its discovery in 1985. 1−8 Having all carbon atoms connected to each other by three σ-bonds with their single unpaired electron at the outer surface, C 60 is a highly conjugated aromatic-like structure with interesting redox properties. Its excellent electrophilic characteristics enable its reduction easily by multiple single electron transfer steps from 0 to a maximum of −6 oxidation states. 9−12 However, C 60 has a poor tendency to be oxidized (E ox = 1.7 V (SCE)) plausibly due to the dominant s-character in the π-system facilitated by the three dimensionality. In an effort to demonstrate the possibility of oxidizing fullerenes, stable C 60•+ and HC 60 + cations were tamed in solution by treatment with super acids. 13 On the other hand, we recently developed a photochemical protocol to oxidize C 60 under visible-light irradiation using silver hexafluorophosphate and diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate as oxidants, which allows efficient initiation of cationic polymerization of appropriate monomers. 14 The application of photochemical redox reactions to the synthetic polymer chemistry brought significant advantages compared to the traditional strategies. For example, free radical promoted cationic polymerizations were successfully carried out in the presence of radical photoinitiators in extended wavelength regions and thus lower energies. 15−17 Similar photoinduced strategies were also applied to the other macromolecular synthesis methods, such as atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) 18−24 and copper-catalyzed azide−alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions. Direct photochemical reduction of high oxidation state copper (Cu(II)) complexes under UV irradiation were shown to facilitate the generation of the corresponding low oxidation state complexes (Cu(I)), which was attributed to a single electron transfer from the π-orbitals of the ligand to the guest copper ion. Thus, generated Cu(I) species were shown to prepare polymers with controlled molecular weight characteristics through the ATRP mechanism. Addition of photolabile compounds in the system, on the other hand, yielded radicals upon irradiation at appropriate wavelengths, which in turn reduced Cu(II) more efficiently. This so-called indirect photolysis mechanism was also applied to the ATRP chemist...