This study discusses the temporal distribution of earthquake magnitudes in the city of Bingöl, near Karlıova Triple Junction. We determine the probability distributions and return periods of earthquakes for all districts of Bingöl. Bingöl has eight districts; namely Adaklı, Central, Genç, Karlıova, Kiğı, Solhan, Yayladere, and Yedisu. In six of them, active faults were mapped previously (Adaklı, Central, Genç, Karlıova, Solhan, and Yedisu). We consider 5 time-dependent probability distributions for analysis. Using the annual maximum earthquake magnitudes, the best fit arises from the Gumbel distribution for Central, Karlıova, and Adaklı Districts. For the Genç District, where the least maximum earthquake magnitude is reported, the Weibull distribution gives the best fit. The return period and maximum annual earthquake magnitude relations suggest the following results. For the Central and Karlıova Districts along which maximum earthquake magnitudes are reported, every 250 years a 6.7 M, and 7.2 M occurs respectively. These results are compatible with the results of paleo-seismological data reported along the NAFZ and the EAFZ. For a 10-year return period, earthquake magnitudes reach 3.9 and 5.1 in all districts. It is important to note that in the Yedisu District, the maximum earthquake magnitudes seem as 5.1 M for the 1000-year return period, incompatible with previously published findings probably because low quality seismic data in this region.
The most significant artifacts that transfer the cultural heritage of past civilizations to the present are historical structures. Historical bridges are of great importance in terms of transportation, trade and architecture from past to present. Some of these structures have been destroyed by natural disasters or have suffered significant structural damage. Especially earthquakes cause damage to these structures. In this study, the earthquake behavior of the Historical Karaz Bridge was investigated. The structural elements of the bridge and the materials connecting the bearing elements were evaluated together with the macro modeling approach. For this purpose, a 3D finite element model of the bridge was generated and its seismic behavior under different ground motion records was investigated by nonlinear analysis. Analyzes were carried out using the ground motion records of Bingöl, Elazığ, Erzincan, Van and Gölcük, and the results were evaluated mutually. In the analysis results, the dynamic behavior of the bridge was evaluated over the distribution of displacements and stresses and the earthquake behavior was investigated.
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