Onychophagia is defined as a chronic habit of biting nails, commonly observed in both children and young adults. This oral habit may lead to various medical and dental problems. To date, onychophagia is considered an unsolved problem in medicine and dentistry. In this paper we describe an exclusive nonpunitive fixed appliance utilizing a stainless steel twisted round wire bonded from canine to canine, in the mandibular arch, as a treatment of onychophagia. It was used successfully in young adult patients and maintained for a month. With 9-month follow-up the treatment has satisfied the patients' expectations which may eventually yield promising implications of this new treatment to similar situations.

ObjectiveEsthetic management of enamel opacities related to molar‐incisor hypomineralization is recognized as an unpredictable procedure when resin infiltration is used. The use of transillumination during this procedure may increase its predictability. The aim of this paper is to describe a new transillumination‐based concept for treating enamel opacities with resin infiltration.Clinical considerationsThis report describes a case of enamel opacities affecting the maxillary central incisors related to molar‐incisor hypomineralization where transillumination‐aided infiltration was used for treating these lesions. Pre‐operatively, the lesion depth is assessed using transillumination, which shows the presence of enamel surface layer covering the lesion. The mandatory removal of this layer is also monitored using transillumination as the lesion is progressively exposed and brought into the surface. Then, the classic protocol of resin infiltration is followed. Transmitted light was also efficient in monitoring the progression of resin‐infiltration.ConclusionThe appearance of the lesions' edges in transillumination was the main clue in indicating their depth and eventually their exposure into the surface. Transillumination was also reliable in monitoring the progression of the infiltration until complete saturation of the porous enamel.Clinical significanceThe use of the proposed concept may help the dental practitioner in obtaining predictable results when enamel opacities related to molar‐incisor hypomineralization are treated with resin infiltration. Besides, transillumination can be used as a diagnostic tool during the lesion transformation as well as its infiltration.

-Introduction:Intentional replantation is a recognized endodontic procedure in cases in which root canal and surgical endodontic treatments are not recommended. Although not frequently used, intentional replantation is a treatment option that dentists should consider. Three keys point should be keep in mind to ensure the success of replantation procedure. To overcome any complications, the surgical procedure have to be rigorous, the extra-alveolar time properly managed, and the splint adapted. In the other hand, the knowing of the indications and the advantages is advocated for the success of this procedure. Conclusion: When standard protocols of intentional replantation are followed, clinical and radiological success is expected. From this point of view, intentional replantation should be considered as a viable therapeutic and not as a procedure of last resort

Stained enamel opacities are frequently encountered in dental practice. However, due to the risk of unaesthetic outcome, managing such lesions by resin infiltration techniques alone is not advised. Therefore, performing external bleaching before resin infiltration procedure is mandatory to eliminate stains from the hypomineralized lesions in order to aesthetically infiltrate them. In this work, we describe clinical cases in which external bleaching and resin infiltration techniques were used for managing stained enamel hypomineralized lesions related to traumatic dental injuries and molar incisor hypomineralization. Despite the fact that this approach has some limitations, it could be concluded that external bleaching associated with the resin infiltration technique shows promising results to aesthetically manage stained enamel opacities when the stain is totally removed after bleaching.

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Objective Accurate detection of enamel opacities in reflected light is limited in terms of discriminating between affected and unaffected enamel. The aim of this study was to compare the ability of transilluminated photography in distinction between healthy and unhealthy enamel in comparison with reflected photography. Materials and Methods Patients presenting enamel opacities were selected during their regular dental visits and for each tooth, standardized photographs were taken in transmitted and reflected light. For each lighting condition, the ratio of the opacity surface area to the entire buccal enamel area was calculated. The difference in the ratio of the opacity surface area to the entire buccal enamel area was compared using the Wilcoxon paired test. Results The results of this study showed that the ratio of the opacity surface area to the entire buccal enamel area calculated in transilluminated photography is significantly higher in comparison with its calculation in reflected photography. The means ratios (SD) of the opacity to the entire buccal enamel area are in transmitted light and reflected light respectively 18% (12) and 15% (11). Conclusions In comparison with reflected photography, transilluminated photography significantly increases the ratio of the opacity surface area to the entire buccal enamel area. Transilluminated photography allows better detection of enamel opacities on anterior teeth by aiding clinical discrimination between healthy an unhealthy enamel. Clinical Significance Being simple, noninvasive, painless and without any risk to the patient, transillumination represents a promising imaging method for detecting enamel opacities and for discriminating healthy and unhealthy enamel.

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative developmental defect of enamel affecting a minimum of one first permanent molar, often with involvement of the permanent incisors. 1 Despite MIH having been detected among ancient populations, 2,3 it was first identified in 1987 by Koch and defined in 2001. 1,4 MIH lesions differ considerably from sound enamel. Microscopically, these lesions present disorganized enamel prisms and large inter-prismatic spaces occupied by a protein-rich matrix associated with decreased mineral density, hardness, and fracture resistance. This explains the increased surface porosity and post-eruptive breakdown (PEB) of the enamel surface (especially in severe lesions) and the greater susceptibility to dental caries; and also why affected teeth are often hypersensitive. [5][6][7][8][9][10]

Dens invaginatus is a developmental malformation resulting from the invagination of the enamel organ into the dental papilla. Type 1 invagination, is most common form. However, it may be easily overlooked because of the absence of any significant clinical signs of this anomaly. Since the risk of necrosis and pulp complication is higher in such dental malformation, an early identification of the affected tooth is important and the prophylactic management is recommended. The aim of this report is to describe an unusual case presenting invagination affecting four teeth. The clinical and radiographic features will also be highlighted and the prophylactic treatment explained.