In this work, the effect of the inner opening ratio on the J-shaped airfoils aerodynamic performance was studied and documented for symmetrical airfoils. Three different airfoil thicknesses were investigated: small, medium, and large. For each airfoil thickness, effects of three inner opening ratios were analyzed: one-third, one-half, and two-thirds. The performance of each opening ratio was compared with the performance of the solid airfoil “zero opening ratio”. All designs were simulated using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technology against experimental results for solid NACA4412 airfoil in the UWM Wind Tunnel facility and other published experimental data. It was found that Large Eddy Simulation yields accurate solutions with a smaller number of mesh cells compared to k-ω turbulence model but with much more computational time. The lift to drag ratio for all studied airfoils has a maximum value for solid airfoils compared to their corresponding ones equipped with openings. For airfoils equipped with a 00.00% opening ratio ‘solid,’ airfoil with a thickness of 15% has the maximum lift to drag ratio. Furthermore, it was found that NACA0008 equipped with a 33.33% opening ratio has the best performance of all studied J-shaped airfoils.
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