Our findings support the genetic heterogeneity of NSCLC in Latin America, confirming that the frequency of EGFR mutations is intermediate between that observed in the Asian and Caucasian populations.
The advances in cancer therapy have included the development of drugs that inhibit immune checkpoint ligands. Two types of immune checkpoint inhibitors, both antibodies that target CTLA-4 and PD-1, have been approved for its use in NSCLC and melanoma as first-line or second-line therapy. Sadly, not desirable consequences of immunotherapy are immune-related adverse events. immune-related hypophysitis is the most common endocrine adverse event after thyroid disfunction. The particularity of endocrine immune-related adverse events is their non-reversibility, with incidence and prevalence destined to increase in the coming years, particularly if this form of therapy is used in the future for earlier stages of cancer. Therefore, hypophysitis represents a challenge for the physician, sometimes occurring without specific symptomatology and which should be considered for clinical management. In this review, we describe the current data regarding the pathophysiology and management for immune-related hypophysitis.
The aim of the study was to assess patient preference for the fixed-dose combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab for subcutaneous injection (PH FDC SC) in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer in PHranceSCa (NCT03674112). Materials and methods: Patients who completed neoadjuvant P þ H þ chemotherapy þ surgery were randomised 1:1 to three intravenous (IV) P þ H cycles followed by three cycles of PH FDC SC or vice versa (crossover) and then chose subcutaneous (SC) injection or IV infusion to continue up to 18 cycles (continuation). Assessments were via patient and healthcare professional (HCP) questionnaires. Results: One hundred and sixty patients were randomised (cut-off: 24 February 2020); 136 (85.0%, 95% confidence interval: 78.5e90.2%) preferred SC; 22 (13.8%) preferred IV; 2 (1.3%) had no preference. The main reasons for SC preference were reduced clinic time (n Z 119) and comfort during administration (n Z 73). One hundred and forty-one patients (88.1%) were very satisfied/satisfied with SC injection versus 108 (67.5%) with IV infusion; 86.9% chose PH FDC SC continuation. HCP perceptions of median patient treatment room time ranged from 33.0e50.0 min with SC and 130.0e300.0 min with IV. Most adverse events (AEs) were grade 1/2 (no 4/5s); serious AE rates were low. AE rates before and after switching were similar (cycles 1e3 IV / cycles 4e6 SC: 77.5% / 72.5%; cycles 1e3 SC / cycles 4e6 IV: 77.5% / 63.8%).
Conclusion:Most patients strongly preferred PH FDC SC over P þ H IV. PH FDC SC was generally well tolerated, with no new safety signals (even when switching), and offers a quicker alternative to IV infusion.
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