Energy consumption nowadays has become a global concern for excess Carbon dioxide emission. Excess CO2 emission has created a major concern regarding global environmental sustainability. Middle Eastern countries are well-known for their energy production through fossil fuel consumption. The present research has focused on analysing the impact of CO2 emission, energy consumption and economic growth in Middle Eastern countries. Five countries have been selected for this research United Arab Emirates, Iran, Kuwait, Qatar, and Turkey.   Heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependency in the study variables were addressed using second-generation econometric approaches. The cointegration approach developed by Westerlund and Edgerton (2008) proved the existence of a long-run equilibrium among variables in the presence of structural breaks. Environmental carbon emissions rise as a result of economic growth  The results prove that alternative sources of energy consumption should be employed to achieve environmental and economic sustainability.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between spiritual leadership and creative behavior with workplace climate as mediating variable in the Jordanian banking.   Theoretical framework: The purpose of this study, which extends the theories of intrinsic motivation and social exchange, is to acquire a deeper knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between spiritual leadership and innovative workplace behavior.   Design/methodology/approach: The study used quantitative research approach through a survey based on random sampling method from (n= 358) employees of 13 Jordanian commercial banks in Amman. For purposes of analysis, structural equation modeling was then utilized for the examination of the research hypotheses.   Findings: The results of the research indicated that workplace climate mediates the link between spiritual leadership and creative behavior. Specifically, greater levels of creative behavior among employees were related to spiritual leadership, as was a favorable working environment.   Research, Practical & Social implications: The study offers managerial and theoretical implications while considering the study’s limitations to provide guidance for the future.   Originality/value: The study identifies the magnificent influence of spiritual leadership and the workplace climate by delineating how these factors stimulate creative behaviors among employees. Specifically, the study focuses on how spiritual leadership and the workplace climate stimulate creative behaviors among employees. We examine the consequences of these findings for both research and practice.

Cloud enterprise resource planning (ERP) is one of the most sought after information technology (IT) solutions for improving business performance due to its affordability, scalability, and pay-per-use subscription model. The impact of cloud ERP implementation on business performance, on the other hand, remains inconclusive. Additionally, an important factor that transverses all organizational processes, including IT implementation, is top management support (TMS). However, the TMS role in the latter stage (business value realization) of implementation is unclear. The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating and moderating impacts of top management support (TMS) on the relationship between cloud ERP implementation and financial performance. A total of 204 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia were surveyed, and data analysis was conducted using partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The results demonstrate that TMS plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between cloud ERP implementation and financial performance, and that this relationship is significantly stronger in SMEs with low TMS levels. As a result, it is concluded that top management should provide the required support following successful cloud ERP implementation in order to achieve positive financial results. However, the TMS role in the latter stage (business value realization) of cloud ERP implementation is unclear.

FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) is frequently viewed as a critical measure of a country's economic strength and potential. Consequently, this paper investigates why countries attract FDI by utilizing factors and channels such as vertical or horizontal FDI as well as COVID-19’s impact on FDI flows in emerging economies with data from 1990 to 2020. Models of kinked exponential growth for estimating growth rates and the Andrew and Zivot trend formulations are used to analyze the rise in FDI inflows. The FDI inflow channels are estimated using dynamic panel data analysis, with a generalized method of moments for emerging economies as a whole and an autoregressive distributed lag-pooled mean group for specific countries. The countries studied were India, China, Russia, South Africa, and Brazil. Except for India, where the trend has accelerated, the rest of the nations in the emerging economies category has seen significant or minor declines. Overall, vertical and horizontal factors influence FDI inflows to emerging economies. However, estimations show that vertical and horizontal factors promote FDI inflow into the Russian Federation and India. China's horizontal motivation, on the contrary, is critical. Inflows of FDI into Brazil and South Africa appear to be unrelated. The pandemic scenario affects FDI in Brazil but not in other emerging economies. FDI determinants differ per country. In order to improve their economic situation following the pandemic, developing countries may establish adequate FDI policies to attract FDI.

Existing literature on the relationship between renewable energy and economic growth yields mixed outcomes, since the impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth can be negative, positive or insignificant. Using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) method, this paper examines the nexus between renewable energy and economic growth in Jordan from 2000 to 2020, utilizing renewable electricity output (REO), renewable energy consumption (REC), and gross domestic product (GDP). Utilizing the Dickey–Fuller (ADF) and Philips–Perron (PP) unit root tests, the levels or differences of the stationary variables were explored. The statistically robust findings reveal that renewable energy usage has a substantial positive economic effects. The results indicate that stakeholders (including energy planners, governments, and private sector organizations) must collaborate to increase investment in renewable energy to secure long-term economic growth.