Objectives: To report a new phenotype of advanced endemic goiter that affects only one lobe of the thyroid gland. Patients and Methods: This study included 60 patients from the west of Sudan with long-standing unilateral simple endemic goiter that required lobectomy, with emphasis on the gross appearance, measurements and cytological features of the contralateral lobe. Results: Out of 60 patients with unilateral goiter, 50 (83%) were found to have the disease on the ipsilateral lobe only (monolobar goiter). The contralateral lobe in these 50 patients showed no nodularity, and its volume was within the normal limits. All patients with monolobar disease had total lobectomy on the affected side, and postoperatively they continued to have normal blood levels of T3, T4 and TSH. Conclusion: We report a new phenotype of advanced endemic goiter that affects only one lobe of the thyroid gland, and in the presence of a structurally and functionally normal contralateral lobe.
Introduction: Stomach cancer related to higher rate for blood group A over other ABO types, a prospective assessment of relation between blood group and carcinoma stomach was performed with a view to state the role of ABO blood group in the development of gastric cancer with relationship of clinico-pathological variation. This study sought to investigate the relationship between ABO blood groups and the risk of gastric cancer as well as clinical pathological parameters. Materials and Methods: A Prospective random observational study carried between October 2005 to September 2006 in Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Department of Surgery & Radiotherapy. Maximum patients admitted in the surgery units with diagnosed case of carcinoma stomach were taken as sample or study population & rest attended in radiotherapy department in DMCH. Results: Among the 70 cases the mean age is 44.3(18-65) (M/F=4:1) years. All the information and data taken from Hospital records and patients themselves or first degree relatives. Results Blood group B-42.85%, A-34.28%, O- 15.71% only 11.42% gave positive family history. Histopathological report show's Adenocarcinoma 95% and among them blood group B 40% and A 31.42%. The differentiation of carcinoma stomach are categorized as Grade-I well differentiated, 37.14% cases moderately differentiated 15.71% and poorly differentiated 45.71%. Among them blood group B is more in case of poorly differentiated carcinoma 25.71%, blood group A is more in well differentiated carcinoma 17.14%. Conclusion: Blood group 'A' has an established relationship with carcinoma stomach. In this study it is found that blood group 'B' is more associated with carcinoma stomach and with poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Medicine Today 2021 Vol.33(1): 27-33
<b><i>Background:</i></b> Because of resource constrains in sub-Saharan African countries, breast-conserving surgery (BCS) has no role in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), and mastectomy remains the standard surgical treatment for these patients. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The first objective of the study was to assess the safety of oncoplastic BCS in patients with LABC who showed good clinical response to NACT in a breast center with enhanced level of resources in Sudan. The second objective was to assess the cosmetic outcome. <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> Two hundred and fifty patients with LABC were treated with NACT at Khartoum Breast Care Center during the period 2013–2019. Out of this, 52 patients were surgically treated with oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to calculate the survival rates. The cosmetic outcome was subjectively assessed by the Harris scale. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The median follow-up period was 53 months. The 3- and 5-years distant metastasis-free survival rates were 92.9% and 82.2%, respectively. One patient developed regional recurrence, and 6 patients developed distant metastasis. Eighty percentage of patients were admitted to have good to excellent cosmetic outcome. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This Sudanese experience showed that oncoplastic BCS is oncologically safe and aesthetically satisfactory in patients with LABC who demonstrated good clinical response to NACT in a setting with enhanced levels of resources for breast cancer care.
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